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Silver vs Mercury

Silver
Mercury
Mercury vs Silver


Periodic Table
Symbol
Ag   
Hg   
Group Number
11   
7
12   
6
Period Number
5   
6   
Block
d block   
d block   
Element Family
Transition Metal   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7440224   
99+
7439976   
99+
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m   
R_ 3m   
Space Group Number
225.00   
2
166.00   
6
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • It is the most reflective element.
  • Silver is the second most ductile metal after Gold.
  • It is also used in Dentistry as a dental alloys for clips and crowning.
  
  • At room temperature mercury is found in a liquid state.
  • A coin of pound or rupees floats in mercury.
  • Because of its low melting point and boiling point it is used in thermometers.
  
Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Ores of metals   
Mining, Ores of Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Unknown   
Ancient Chinese and Indians   
Discovery
Before 5000 BC   
Before 2000 BCE   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
6 * 10-8 %   
26
Not Available   
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000001 %   
26
~-9999 %   
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
38
Not Available   
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
99+
0.05 %   
9
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
19
Not Available   
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Silver is mainly used for Jewelry and show piece.
  • It is used for manufacturing high quality mirrors due to its reflectivity property.
  
  • It is a liquid metal at room temperature, but it is a toxic heavy metal and hence many uses of mercury are under review or phased out.
  • It is manly used as a catalysts in chemical industry.
  
Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry, Clothing Industry, Electrical Industry   
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry   
Dentistry   
Other Uses
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues   
Alloys, Mirror Manufacturing, Pharmaceutical Industry   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic   
Highly Toxic   
Present in Human Body
Yes   
Yes   
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
29
0.01 Blood/mg dm-3   
23
In Bone
0.44 p.p.m.   
20
0.45 p.p.m.   
19
Physical Properties
Melting Point
961.93 °C   
99+
Not Available   
Boiling Point
2,212.00 °C   
99+
356.58 °C   
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Liquid   
Color
Silvery White   
Silver   
Luster
Metallic   
NA   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
2.50   
14
Not Available   
Brinell Hardness
251.00 MPa   
37
Not Available   
Vickers Hardness
229.00 MPa   
30
Not Available   
Speed of Sound
2,680.00 m/s   
34
1,451.40 m/s   
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
Not Available   
1.00   
3
Reflectivity
97.00 %   
1
73.00 %   
8
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Ag   
Hg   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
36   
3
34   
5
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.93   
9
2.00   
7
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.83   
11
2.20   
7
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.42   
18
1.44   
17
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.47   
15
1.81   
9
Allen Electronegativity
1.87   
7
1.44   
30
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.07   
99+
2.00   
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
731.00 kJ/mol   
27
1,007.10 kJ/mol   
4
2nd Energy Level
2,070.00 kJ/mol   
11
1,810.00 kJ/mol   
20
3rd Energy Level
3,361.00 kJ/mol   
19
3,300.00 kJ/mol   
20
Electrochemical Equivalent
4.02 g/amp-hr   
7
3.74 g/amp-hr   
10
Electron Work Function
4.26 eV   
20
4.49 eV   
15
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility   
Flammability, Ionization, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
47   
99+
80   
36
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d10 5s1   
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2   
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)   
Rhombohedral (RHO)   
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Silver.jpg#100   
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Mercury.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
47   
99+
80   
36
Number of Neutrons
61   
99+
121   
22
Number of Electrons
47   
99+
80   
36
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
144.00 pm   
36
151.00 pm   
32
Covalent Radius
145.00 pm   
39
132.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
172.00 pm   
38
155.00 pm   
99+
Atomic Weight
107.87 amu   
99+
200.59 amu   
32
Atomic Volume
10.30 cm3/mol   
99+
14.82 cm3/mol   
35
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Palladium
  
Gold
  
Next Element
Cadmium
  
Thallium
  
Valence Electron Potential
11.40 (-eV)   
99+
28.20 (-eV)   
99+
Lattice Constant
408.53 pm   
20
300.50 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
NA   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
10.49 g/cm3   
35
13.53 g/cm3   
24
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
9.32 g/cm3   
21
Not Available   
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
0.00   
1
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
14
Not Available   
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
30.00 GPa   
23
Not Available   
Bulk Modulus
100.00 GPa   
16
Not Available   
Young's Modulus
83.00 GPa   
23
Not Available   
Poisson Ratio
0.37   
7
Not Available   
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable   
NA   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
10.50   
26
13.53   
16
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic   
Diamagnetic   
Susceptibility
0.00   
5
Not Available   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Conductor   
Resistivity
15.87 nΩ·m   
99+
961.00 nΩ·m   
1
Electrical Conductivity
0.63 106/cm Ω   
1
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
Electron Affinity
125.60 kJ/mol   
5
0.00 kJ/mol   
40
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.24 J/(kg K)   
25
0.14 J/(kg K)   
38
Molar Heat Capacity
25.35 J/mol·K   
99+
27.98 J/mol·K   
13
Thermal Conductivity
429.00 W/m·K   
1
8.30 W/m·K   
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
1,750.00 K   
6
Thermal Expansion
18.90 µm/(m·K)   
23
60.40 µm/(m·K)   
5
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
255.10 kJ/mol   
37
56.90 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
11.30 kJ/mol   
31
2.29 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
284.50 kJ/mol   
37
61.50 kJ/mol   
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
42.60 J/mol.K   
35
75.80 J/mol.K   
6
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