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Silver vs Neodymium


Neodymium vs Silver


Periodic Table

Symbol
Ag   
Nd   

Group Number
11   
7
1   
17

Period Number
5   
6   

Block
d block   
f block   

Element Family
Transition Metal   
Lanthanide   

CAS Number
7440224   
99+
7440008   
99+

Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m   
P63/mmc   

Space Group Number
225.00   
2
194.00   
5

Facts

Interesting Facts
  • It is the most reflective element.
  • Silver is the second most ductile metal after Gold.
  • It is also used in Dentistry as a dental alloys for clips and crowning.
  
  • Neodymium is not found free in nature, hence it is not a native metal.
  • Neodymium metal found in minerals like Monazite and Bastnaesite.
  

Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Ores of metals   
Found in Minerals, Mining   

History
  
  

Who Discovered
Unknown   
Carl Auer von Welsbach   

Discovery
Before 5000 BC   
In 1885   

Abundance
  
  

Abundance In Universe
6 * 10-8 %   
26
1 * 10-6 %   
16

Abundance In Sun
~0.0000001 %   
26
~0.0000003 %   
24

Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
38
0.00 %   
30

Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
99+
0.00 %   
20

Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
19
0.00 %   
30

Uses

Uses & Benefits
  • Silver is mainly used for Jewelry and show piece.
  • It is used for manufacturing high quality mirrors due to its reflectivity property.
  
  • Neodymium-Iron-boron alloy is used to make permanent magnets.
  • It is used in microphones, Mp3 player, loudspeakers, mobile phones, etc.
  

Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry, Clothing Industry, Electrical Industry   
Aerospace Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   

Medical Uses
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry   
NA   

Other Uses
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues   
Alloys   

Biological Properties
  
  

Toxicity
Non Toxic   
Non Toxic   

Present in Human Body
Yes   
No   

In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
29
Not Available   

In Bone
0.44 p.p.m.   
20
Not Available   

Physical Properties

Melting Point
961.93 °C   
99+
1,010.00 °C   
99+

Boiling Point
2,212.00 °C   
99+
3,127.00 °C   
28

Appearance
  
  

Physical State
Solid   
Solid   

Color
Silvery White   
Silvery White   

Luster
Metallic   
Metallic   

Hardness
  
  

Mohs Hardness
2.50   
14
Not Available   

Brinell Hardness
251.00 MPa   
37
265.00 MPa   
35

Vickers Hardness
229.00 MPa   
30
345.00 MPa   
27

Speed of Sound
2,680.00 m/s   
34
2,330.00 m/s   
38

Optical Properties
  
  

Reflectivity
97.00 %   
1
Not Available   

Allotropes
No   
No   

α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

Chemical Properties

Chemical Formula
Ag   
Nd   

Isotopes
  
  

Known Isotopes
36   
3
30   
9

Electronegativity
  
  

Pauling Electronegativity
1.93   
9
1.14   
99+

Sanderson Electronegativity
1.83   
11
Not Available   

Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.42   
18
1.07   
32

Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.47   
15
Not Available   

Allen Electronegativity
1.87   
7
Not Available   

Electropositivity
  
  

Pauling Electropositivity
2.07   
99+
2.86   
13

Ionization Energies
  
  

1st Energy Level
731.00 kJ/mol   
27
533.10 kJ/mol   
99+

2nd Energy Level
2,070.00 kJ/mol   
11
1,040.00 kJ/mol   
99+

3rd Energy Level
3,361.00 kJ/mol   
19
2,130.00 kJ/mol   
99+

4th Energy Level
Not Available   
3,900.00 kJ/mol   
99+

Electrochemical Equivalent
4.02 g/amp-hr   
7
1.79 g/amp-hr   
37

Electron Work Function
4.26 eV   
20
3.20 eV   
34

Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility   
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Flammable, Ionization   

Atomic Properties

Atomic Number
47   
99+
60   
99+

Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d10 5s1   
[Xe] 4f4 6s2   

Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)   
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)   

Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Silver.jpg#100   
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Neodymium.jpg#100   

Atom
  
  

Number of Protons
47   
99+
60   
99+

Number of Neutrons
61   
99+
84   
40

Number of Electrons
47   
99+
60   
99+

Radius of an Atom
  
  

Atomic Radius
144.00 pm   
36
181.00 pm   
13

Covalent Radius
145.00 pm   
39
201.00 pm   
10

Van der Waals Radius
172.00 pm   
38
229.00 pm   
20

Atomic Weight
107.87 amu   
99+
144.24 amu   
99+

Atomic Volume
10.30 cm3/mol   
99+
20.60 cm3/mol   
18

Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  

Previous Element
Palladium
  

Next Element
Cadmium
  
Promethium
  

Valence Electron Potential
11.40 (-eV)   
99+
43.40 (-eV)   
99+

Lattice Constant
408.53 pm   
20
365.80 pm   
30

Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   

Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
1.61   
4

Mechanical Properties

Density
  
  

Density At Room Temperature
10.49 g/cm3   
35
7.01 g/cm3   
99+

Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
9.32 g/cm3   
21
6.89 g/cm3   
36

Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   

Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Vapor Pressure
  
  

Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
14
0.00 (Pa)   
21

Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
101.00 (Pa)   
2

Elasticity properties
  
  

Shear Modulus
30.00 GPa   
23
16.30 GPa   
38

Bulk Modulus
100.00 GPa   
16
31.80 GPa   
37

Young's Modulus
83.00 GPa   
23
41.40 GPa   
40

Poisson Ratio
0.37   
7
0.28   
16

Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable   
NA   

Magnetic Properties

Magnetic Characteristics
  
  

Specific Gravity
10.50   
26
7.00   
99+

Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic   
Paramagnetic   

Susceptibility
0.00   
5
Not Available   

Electrical Properties
  
  

Electrical Property
Conductor   
NA   

Resistivity
15.87 nΩ·m   
99+
643.00 nΩ·m   
6

Electrical Conductivity
0.63 106/cm Ω   
1
0.02 106/cm Ω   
99+

Electron Affinity
125.60 kJ/mol   
5
50.00 kJ/mol   
21

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat
0.24 J/(kg K)   
25
0.19 J/(kg K)   
32

Molar Heat Capacity
25.35 J/mol·K   
99+
27.45 J/mol·K   
17

Thermal Conductivity
429.00 W/m·K   
1
16.50 W/m·K   
99+

Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   

Thermal Expansion
18.90 µm/(m·K)   
23
9.60 µm/(m·K)   
99+

Enthalpy
  
  

Enthalpy of Vaporization
255.10 kJ/mol   
37
273.00 kJ/mol   
34

Enthalpy of Fusion
11.30 kJ/mol   
31
7.14 kJ/mol   
99+

Enthalpy of Atomization
284.50 kJ/mol   
37
322.00 kJ/mol   
32

Standard Molar Entropy
42.60 J/mol.K   
35
71.50 J/mol.K   
13

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