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Strontium vs Mercury

Strontium
Mercury
Mercury vs Strontium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Sr   
Hg   
Group Number
2   
16
12   
6
Period Number
5   
6   
Block
s block   
d block   
Element Family
Alkaline Earth   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7440246   
99+
7439976   
99+
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m   
R_ 3m   
Space Group Number
225.00   
2
166.00   
6
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Strontium element is softer than Calcium.
  • Silvery Strontium turns yellow, if exposed to air.
  
  • At room temperature mercury is found in a liquid state.
  • A coin of pound or rupees floats in mercury.
  • Because of its low melting point and boiling point it is used in thermometers.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
Mining, Ores of Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
William Cruickshank   
Ancient Chinese and Indians   
Discovery
In 1787   
Before 2000 BCE   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
4 * 10-6 %   
14
Not Available   
Abundance In Sun
~0.000005 %   
15
~-9999 %   
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
15
Not Available   
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.04 %   
10
0.05 %   
9
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
4
Not Available   
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %   
7
Not Available   
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Strontium metal is used to producing ferrite magnets as well as refining zinc.
  • By-product of nuclear reactors called Strontium-90 is a radioactive isotope; it is absorbed by tissues and destroys bone marrow and cancer growth.
  
  • It is a liquid metal at room temperature, but it is a toxic heavy metal and hence many uses of mercury are under review or phased out.
  • It is manly used as a catalysts in chemical industry.
  
Industrial Uses
Ammunition Industry, Chemical Industry   
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
Dentistry   
Other Uses
Alloys   
Alloys, Mirror Manufacturing, Pharmaceutical Industry   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic   
Highly Toxic   
Present in Human Body
Yes   
Yes   
In Blood
0.03 Blood/mg dm-3   
19
0.01 Blood/mg dm-3   
23
In Bone
140.00 p.p.m.   
7
0.45 p.p.m.   
19
Physical Properties
Melting Point
769.00 °C   
99+
Not Available   
Boiling Point
1,384.00 °C   
99+
356.58 °C   
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Liquid   
Color
Silvery White   
Silver   
Luster
Metallic   
NA   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
1.50   
18
Not Available   
Speed of Sound
Not Available   
1,451.40 m/s   
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
Not Available   
1.00   
3
Reflectivity
Not Available   
73.00 %   
8
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Sr   
Hg   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
27   
12
34   
5
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
0.95   
99+
2.00   
7
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.72   
27
2.20   
7
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.99   
37
1.44   
17
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.00   
18
1.81   
9
Allen Electronegativity
0.96   
40
1.44   
30
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
3.05   
7
2.00   
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
549.50 kJ/mol   
99+
1,007.10 kJ/mol   
4
2nd Energy Level
1,064.20 kJ/mol   
99+
1,810.00 kJ/mol   
20
3rd Energy Level
4,138.00 kJ/mol   
10
3,300.00 kJ/mol   
20
4th Energy Level
5,500.00 kJ/mol   
13
Not Available   
5th Energy Level
6,910.00 kJ/mol   
18
Not Available   
6th Energy Level
8,760.00 kJ/mol   
18
Not Available   
7th Energy level
10,230.00 kJ/mol   
19
Not Available   
8th Energy Level
11,800.00 kJ/mol   
19
Not Available   
9th Energy Level
15,600.00 kJ/mol   
17
Not Available   
10th Energy Level
17,100.00 kJ/mol   
19
Not Available   
11th Energy Level
31,270.00 kJ/mol   
6
Not Available   
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.64 g/amp-hr   
99+
3.74 g/amp-hr   
10
Electron Work Function
2.59 eV   
99+
4.49 eV   
15
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility   
Flammability, Ionization, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
38   
99+
80   
36
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 5s2   
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2   
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)   
Rhombohedral (RHO)   
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Strontium.jpg#100   
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Mercury.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
38   
99+
80   
36
Number of Neutrons
50   
99+
121   
22
Number of Electrons
38   
99+
80   
36
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
215.00 pm   
5
151.00 pm   
32
Covalent Radius
195.00 pm   
15
132.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
249.00 pm   
7
155.00 pm   
99+
Atomic Weight
87.62 amu   
99+
200.59 amu   
32
Atomic Volume
33.70 cm3/mol   
6
14.82 cm3/mol   
35
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Rubidium
  
Gold
  
Next Element
Yttrium
  
Thallium
  
Valence Electron Potential
25.70 (-eV)   
99+
28.20 (-eV)   
99+
Lattice Constant
608.49 pm   
6
300.50 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
NA   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
2.64 g/cm3   
99+
13.53 g/cm3   
24
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
2.38 g/cm3   
99+
Not Available   
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
0.00   
1
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
121.00 (Pa)   
1
Not Available   
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
6.03 GPa   
99+
Not Available   
Young's Modulus
15.70 GPa   
99+
Not Available   
Poisson Ratio
0.28   
17
Not Available   
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
NA   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
2.64   
99+
13.53   
16
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Diamagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
NA   
Conductor   
Resistivity
132.00 nΩ·m   
24
961.00 nΩ·m   
1
Electrical Conductivity
0.08 106/cm Ω   
26
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
Electron Affinity
5.03 kJ/mol   
38
0.00 kJ/mol   
40
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.30 J/(kg K)   
18
0.14 J/(kg K)   
38
Molar Heat Capacity
26.40 J/mol·K   
28
27.98 J/mol·K   
13
Thermal Conductivity
35.40 W/m·K   
37
8.30 W/m·K   
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
1,750.00 K   
6
Thermal Expansion
22.50 µm/(m·K)   
18
60.40 µm/(m·K)   
5
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
150.00 kJ/mol   
99+
56.90 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
9.16 kJ/mol   
38
2.29 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
163.20 kJ/mol   
99+
61.50 kJ/mol   
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
55.00 J/mol.K   
26
75.80 J/mol.K   
6
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