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Tantalum vs Gold

Tantalum
Gold
Gold vs Tantalum


Periodic Table
Symbol
Ta   
Au   
Group Number
5   
13
11   
7
Period Number
6   
6   
Block
d block   
d block   
Element Family
Transition Metal   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7440257   
99+
7440575   
31
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m   
Fm_ 3m   
Space Group Number
229.00   
1
225.00   
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Tantalum metal is known as corrosion resistance.
  • Tantalum metal can easily fabricated and It is a good conductor of heat and electricity.
  
  • It is found in copper ores and from the crust of the earth.
  • It is the most malleable and ductile metal.
  • Gold alloys are used in Dentistry as fillings, crowning, clips, etc. It is also used as an artificial limb joints.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
Earth's crust, Mining, Ores of metals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Anders Gustaf Ekeberg   
Unknown   
Discovery
In 1802   
Before 6000 BCE   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
8 * 10-9 %   
31
6 * 10-8 %   
26
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %   
~0.0000001 %   
26
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
99+
0.00 %   
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
37
0.00 %   
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
31
0.00 %   
21
Abundance In Humans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
18
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Tantalum metal is mainly used in the manufacturing of electron components. Its Oxide layer acts as an insulator.
  • Tantalum metal is also used in surgical transplant like replacement of bone, skull plates and as a woven gauze.
  
  • Gold metal is mainly used for Jewelry, bullion, coinage, etc.
  • It is used in the art, decoration, ornaments, etc. It is also used for electroplating process.
  
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Chemical Industry, Clothing Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry   
Other Uses
Alloys   
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Low Toxic   
Non Toxic   
Present in Human Body
Yes   
Yes   
In Blood
Not Available   
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
35
In Bone
0.03 p.p.m.   
28
0.02 p.p.m.   
30
Physical Properties
Melting Point
2,996.00 °C   
4
1,064.43 °C   
99+
Boiling Point
5,425.00 °C   
4
2,807.00 °C   
36
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Gray Blue   
Gold   
Luster
Metallic   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.50   
5
2.50   
14
Brinell Hardness
440.00 MPa   
28
194.00 MPa   
99+
Vickers Hardness
870.00 MPa   
12
216.00 MPa   
31
Speed of Sound
3,400.00 m/s   
22
2,030.00 m/s   
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
78.00 %   
6
95.00 %   
2
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Ta   
Au   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
31   
8
36   
3
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.50   
27
2.54   
1
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.33   
22
1.42   
18
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.87   
7
Allen Electronegativity
1.34   
33
1.92   
5
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.50   
27
1.46   
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol   
18
890.10 kJ/mol   
8
2nd Energy Level
1,500.00 kJ/mol   
40
1,980.00 kJ/mol   
12
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.35 g/amp-hr   
99+
2.45 g/amp-hr   
21
Electron Work Function
4.25 eV   
21
5.10 eV   
4
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility   
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
73   
99+
79   
37
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d3 6s2   
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s1   
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)   
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Gold.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
73   
99+
79   
37
Number of Neutrons
108   
28
118   
23
Number of Electrons
73   
99+
79   
37
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
146.00 pm   
35
151.00 pm   
32
Covalent Radius
170.00 pm   
25
144.00 pm   
40
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm   
28
166.00 pm   
39
Atomic Weight
180.95 amu   
38
196.97 amu   
33
Atomic Volume
10.90 cm3/mol   
99+
10.20 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Hafnium
  
Platinum
  
Next Element
Tungsten
  
Mercury
  
Valence Electron Potential
110.00 (-eV)   
7
43.40 (-eV)   
99+
Lattice Constant
330.13 pm   
99+
407.82 pm   
21
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
1.61   
4
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
16.69 g/cm3   
18
19.30 g/cm3   
15
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
15.00 g/cm3   
9
17.31 g/cm3   
6
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
120.00 MPa   
15
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available   
0.00 (Pa)   
23
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
31
67.00 (Pa)   
4
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
69.00 GPa   
13
27.00 GPa   
27
Bulk Modulus
200.00 GPa   
8
180.00 GPa   
9
Young's Modulus
186.00 GPa   
13
79.00 GPa   
24
Poisson Ratio
0.34   
10
0.40   
4
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile   
Ductile, Malleable   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
16.65   
11
19.32   
8
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Diamagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Conductor   
Resistivity
131.00 nΩ·m   
25
2.20 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.08 106/cm Ω   
27
0.45 106/cm Ω   
3
Electron Affinity
31.00 kJ/mol   
29
222.80 kJ/mol   
1
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.14 J/(kg K)   
37
0.13 J/(kg K)   
39
Molar Heat Capacity
25.36 J/mol·K   
99+
25.42 J/mol·K   
40
Thermal Conductivity
57.50 W/m·K   
27
318.00 W/m·K   
3
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
6.30 µm/(m·K)   
99+
14.20 µm/(m·K)   
26
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
753.10 kJ/mol   
2
324.40 kJ/mol   
27
Enthalpy of Fusion
31.40 kJ/mol   
3
12.55 kJ/mol   
27
Enthalpy of Atomization
782.00 kJ/mol   
3
364.00 kJ/mol   
25
Standard Molar Entropy
41.50 J/mol.K   
37
47.40 J/mol.K   
32
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