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Tantalum vs Lead

Tantalum
Lead
Lead vs Tantalum


Periodic Table
Symbol
Ta  
Pb  
Group Number
5  
13
14  
4
Period Number
6  
6  
Block
d block  
p block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Post-​Transition  
CAS Number
7440257  
99+
7439921  
99+
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m  
Fm_ 3m  
Space Group Number
229.00  
2
225.00  
3
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Tantalum metal is known as corrosion resistance.
  • Tantalum metal can easily fabricated and It is a good conductor of heat and electricity.
  
  • Galena mineral contains almost 87% of Lead metal in it, Galena is sulfide mineral.
  • The best available source of Lead metal today is by recycling automobile batteries.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Anders Gustaf Ekeberg  
-  
Discovery
In 1802  
In Middle Easterns (7000 BCE)  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
32
0.00 %  
17
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
18
0.00 %  
18
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
23
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
37
0.00 %  
26
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
31
0.00 %  
22
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
9
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Tantalum metal is mainly used in the manufacturing of electron components. Its Oxide layer acts as an insulator.
  • Tantalum metal is also used in surgical transplant like replacement of bone, skull plates and as a woven gauze.
  
  • It is also used in insecticides, hair dyes and as an anti-knocking additive for petrol. But all these are banned by the government as Lead metal is known for detrimental to health.
  
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
Surgical Instruments Manufacturing  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Low Toxic  
Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
0.21 Blood/mg dm-3  
11
In Bone
0.03 p.p.m.  
33
30.00 p.p.m.  
10
Physical
Melting Point
2,996.00 °C  
4
327.50 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
5,425.00 °C  
4
1,740.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Gray Blue  
Gray  
Luster
Metallic  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.50  
5
1.50  
19
Brinell Hardness
440.00 MPa  
33
38.00 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
870.00 MPa  
19
38.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
3,400.00 m/s  
33
1,190.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
2.15  
10
2.02  
14
Reflectivity
78.00 %  
8
5.00 %  
39
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Ta  
Pb  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
31  
8
35  
4
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.50  
28
1.87  
14
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.50  
18
2.29  
4
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.33  
23
1.55  
12
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.50  
26
2.41  
2
Allen Electronegativity
1.34  
38
1.85  
11
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.50  
27
1.67  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
18
715.60 kJ/mol  
31
2nd Energy Level
1,500.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,450.50 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3,081.50 kJ/mol  
23
4th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
9
4,083.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
19
6,640.00 kJ/mol  
32
6th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
36
7,150.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
30
7,156.00 kJ/mol  
36
8th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
30
7,150.00 kJ/mol  
32
9th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
26
7,156.00 kJ/mol  
30
10th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
30
7,156.00 kJ/mol  
34
11th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
29
7,156.00 kJ/mol  
33
12th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,150.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
22
7,150.00 kJ/mol  
28
14th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
19
715.60 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
76,100.00 kJ/mol  
19
71,500.00 kJ/mol  
24
16th Energy Level
76,100.00 kJ/mol  
14
71,500.00 kJ/mol  
19
17th Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
35
715.60 kJ/mol  
40
18th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
25
7,150.00 kJ/mol  
30
19th Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
32
715.60 kJ/mol  
37
20th Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
26
715.00 kJ/mol  
31
21st Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
99+
715.60 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
20
715.00 kJ/mol  
25
23rd Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
99+
715.60 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
16
715.60 kJ/mol  
24
25th Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
16
715.00 kJ/mol  
25
26th Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
16
715.60 kJ/mol  
24
27th Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
15
715.60 kJ/mol  
23
28th Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
21
715.60 kJ/mol  
29
29th Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
22
715.60 kJ/mol  
30
30th Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
16
715.00 kJ/mol  
24
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.35 g/amp-hr  
99+
3.87 g/amp-hr  
9
Electron Work Function
4.25 eV  
28
4.25 eV  
28
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility  
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Atomic
Atomic Number
73  
99+
82  
34
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d3 6s2  
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p2  
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Lead.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
73  
99+
82  
34
Number of Neutrons
108  
29
125  
20
Number of Electrons
73  
99+
82  
34
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
146.00 pm  
37
175.00 pm  
21
Covalent Radius
170.00 pm  
27
146.00 pm  
40
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm  
35
202.00 pm  
34
Atomic Weight
180.95 amu  
38
207.20 amu  
30
Atomic Volume
10.90 cm3/mol  
99+
18.17 cm3/mol  
39
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Hafnium
  
Thallium
  
Next Element
Tungsten
  
Bismuth
  
Valence Electron Potential
110.00 (-eV)  
7
24.20 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
330.13 pm  
99+
495.08 pm  
18
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.41  
99+
1.51  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
16.69 g/cm3  
18
11.34 g/cm3  
35
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
15.00 g/cm3  
23
10.66 g/cm3  
36
Tensile Strength
180.00 MPa  
20
12.00 MPa  
99+
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
29
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
1.64 (Pa)  
7
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
99+
0.00 (Pa)  
30
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
69.00 GPa  
13
5.60 GPa  
99+
Bulk Modulus
200.00 GPa  
8
46.00 GPa  
28
Young's Modulus
186.00 GPa  
14
16.00 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.34  
10
0.44  
3
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile  
Ductile, Malleable  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
16.65  
20
11.35  
38
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Diamagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
17
0.00 H/m  
12
Susceptibility
0.00  
27
0.00  
30
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Poor Conductor  
Resistivity
131.00 nΩ·m  
25
208.00 nΩ·m  
16
Electrical Conductivity
0.08 106/cm Ω  
32
0.05 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
31.00 kJ/mol  
35
35.10 kJ/mol  
33
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.14 J/(kg K)  
38
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
Molar Heat Capacity
25.36 J/mol·K  
99+
26.65 J/mol·K  
34
Thermal Conductivity
57.50 W/m·K  
27
35.30 W/m·K  
39
Critical Temperature
3,290.00 K  
4
600.61 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
6.30 µm/(m·K)  
99+
28.90 µm/(m·K)  
13
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
753.10 kJ/mol  
2
179.40 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
31.40 kJ/mol  
3
4.77 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
782.00 kJ/mol  
3
194.60 kJ/mol  
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
41.50 J/mol.K  
99+
64.80 J/mol.K  
18
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