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Tantalum vs Promethium

Tantalum
Promethium
Promethium vs Tantalum


Periodic Table
Symbol
Ta   
Pm   
Group Number
5   
13
Not Available   
Period Number
6   
6   
Block
d block   
f block   
Element Family
Transition Metal   
Lanthanide   
CAS Number
7440257   
99+
7440122   
99+
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m   
Not Available   
Space Group Number
229.00   
1
Not Available   
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Tantalum metal is known as corrosion resistance.
  • Tantalum metal can easily fabricated and It is a good conductor of heat and electricity.
  
  • Promethium metal found in Pitchblende.
  • Promethium metal is highly radioactive metal.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
Found in Minerals, Mining   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Anders Gustaf Ekeberg   
Chien Shiung Wu, Emilio Segrè, Hans Bethe   
Discovery
In 1802   
In 1942   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
8 * 10-9 %   
31
Not Available   
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
99+
Not Available   
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
37
Not Available   
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
31
Not Available   
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Tantalum metal is mainly used in the manufacturing of electron components. Its Oxide layer acts as an insulator.
  • Tantalum metal is also used in surgical transplant like replacement of bone, skull plates and as a woven gauze.
  
  • It is used for research purpose. Very small amount of this metal is used in atomic batteries.
  • Its radioactive decay is used for a phosphor to give off light. The light emitted is converted into electricity.
  
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
NA   
Medical Uses
NA   
NA   
Other Uses
Alloys   
NA   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Low Toxic   
Non Toxic   
Present in Human Body
Yes   
No   
In Blood
Not Available   
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
In Bone
0.03 p.p.m.   
28
Not Available   
Physical Properties
Melting Point
2,996.00 °C   
4
1,042.00 °C   
99+
Boiling Point
5,425.00 °C   
4
3,000.00 °C   
31
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Gray Blue   
Unknown   
Luster
Metallic   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.50   
5
Not Available   
Brinell Hardness
440.00 MPa   
28
Not Available   
Vickers Hardness
870.00 MPa   
12
Not Available   
Speed of Sound
3,400.00 m/s   
22
Not Available   
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
78.00 %   
6
Not Available   
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Ta   
Pm   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
31   
8
27   
12
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.50   
27
Not Available   
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.33   
22
1.07   
32
Allen Electronegativity
1.34   
33
Not Available   
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.50   
27
Not Available   
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol   
18
540.00 kJ/mol   
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,500.00 kJ/mol   
40
1,050.00 kJ/mol   
99+
3rd Energy Level
Not Available   
2,150.00 kJ/mol   
99+
4th Energy Level
Not Available   
3,970.00 kJ/mol   
38
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.35 g/amp-hr   
99+
1.80 g/amp-hr   
36
Electron Work Function
4.25 eV   
21
Not Available   
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
73   
99+
61   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d3 6s2   
[Xe] 4f5 6s2   
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)   
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Promethium.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
73   
99+
61   
99+
Number of Neutrons
108   
28
84   
40
Number of Electrons
73   
99+
61   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
146.00 pm   
35
183.00 pm   
10
Covalent Radius
170.00 pm   
25
199.00 pm   
12
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm   
28
236.00 pm   
16
Atomic Weight
180.95 amu   
38
145.00 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
10.90 cm3/mol   
99+
22.39 cm3/mol   
12
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Hafnium
  
Neodymium
  
Next Element
Tungsten
  
Samarium
  
Valence Electron Potential
110.00 (-eV)   
7
44.10 (-eV)   
39
Lattice Constant
330.13 pm   
99+
Not Available   
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Unknown   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
16.69 g/cm3   
18
7.26 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
15.00 g/cm3   
9
Not Available   
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
31
Not Available   
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
69.00 GPa   
13
18.00 GPa   
36
Bulk Modulus
200.00 GPa   
8
33.00 GPa   
36
Young's Modulus
186.00 GPa   
13
46.00 GPa   
38
Poisson Ratio
0.34   
10
0.28   
17
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile   
NA   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
16.65   
11
7.26   
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Paramagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Conductor   
Resistivity
131.00 nΩ·m   
25
0.75 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.08 106/cm Ω   
27
Not Available   
Electron Affinity
31.00 kJ/mol   
29
50.00 kJ/mol   
21
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.14 J/(kg K)   
37
0.18 J/(kg K)   
33
Molar Heat Capacity
25.36 J/mol·K   
99+
Not Available   
Thermal Conductivity
57.50 W/m·K   
27
17.90 W/m·K   
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
6.30 µm/(m·K)   
99+
9.00 µm/(m·K)   
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
753.10 kJ/mol   
2
Not Available   
Enthalpy of Fusion
31.40 kJ/mol   
3
7.50 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
782.00 kJ/mol   
3
310.00 kJ/mol   
34
Standard Molar Entropy
41.50 J/mol.K   
37
Not Available   
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