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Tantalum vs Rubidium

Tantalum
Rubidium
Rubidium vs Tantalum


Periodic Table
Symbol
Ta  
Rb  
Group Number
5  
13
1  
17
Period Number
6  
5  
Block
d block  
s block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Alkali  
CAS Number
7440257  
99+
7440177  
99+
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m  
Im_ 3m  
Space Group Number
229.00  
2
229.00  
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Tantalum metal is known as corrosion resistance.
  • Tantalum metal can easily fabricated and It is a good conductor of heat and electricity.
  
  • Rubidium metal is 16th most common element found in the earth crust.
  • Rubidium metal also found in minerals as well as seawater.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
Obtained from Lithium Production.  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Anders Gustaf Ekeberg  
Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff  
Discovery
In 1802  
In 1861  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
32
0.00 %  
17
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
18
0.00 %  
17
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
19
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
37
0.01 %  
18
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
31
0.00 %  
7
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
8
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Tantalum metal is mainly used in the manufacturing of electron components. Its Oxide layer acts as an insulator.
  • Tantalum metal is also used in surgical transplant like replacement of bone, skull plates and as a woven gauze.
  
  • Rubidium's main application is in the glass manufacturing.
  • Rubidium can very easily get ionized and hence it is used for ion engines, but it is still less efficient than that of Caesium.
  
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
-  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Alloys, Research Purposes  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Low Toxic  
Non Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
2.49 Blood/mg dm-3  
7
In Bone
0.03 p.p.m.  
33
5.00 p.p.m.  
13
Physical
Melting Point
2,996.00 °C  
4
38.89 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
5,425.00 °C  
4
688.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Gray Blue  
Grayish White  
Luster
Metallic  
-  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.50  
5
0.30  
26
Brinell Hardness
440.00 MPa  
33
0.22 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
870.00 MPa  
19
0.22 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
3,400.00 m/s  
33
1,300.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
2.15  
10
1.54  
35
Reflectivity
78.00 %  
8
52.00 %  
29
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Ta  
Rb  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
31  
8
29  
10
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.50  
28
0.82  
99+
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.50  
18
0.31  
99+
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.33  
23
0.89  
99+
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.50  
26
0.69  
99+
Allen Electronegativity
1.34  
38
0.71  
99+
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.50  
27
3.18  
3
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
18
403.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,500.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,633.00 kJ/mol  
6
3rd Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3,860.00 kJ/mol  
11
4th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
9
5,080.00 kJ/mol  
28
5th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
19
6,850.00 kJ/mol  
31
6th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
36
8,140.00 kJ/mol  
31
7th Energy level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
30
9,570.00 kJ/mol  
20
8th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
30
13,120.00 kJ/mol  
17
9th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
26
14,500.00 kJ/mol  
18
10th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
30
26,740.00 kJ/mol  
6
11th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
29
4,030.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4,030.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
22
4,030.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
19
4,030.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
76,100.00 kJ/mol  
19
40,300.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16th Energy Level
76,100.00 kJ/mol  
14
40,300.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
35
403.00 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
25
4,030.00 kJ/mol  
99+
19th Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
32
403.00 kJ/mol  
99+
20th Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
26
403.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21st Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
99+
403.00 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
20
403.00 kJ/mol  
99+
23rd Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
99+
403.00 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
16
403.00 kJ/mol  
99+
25th Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
16
403.00 kJ/mol  
99+
26th Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
16
403.00 kJ/mol  
99+
27th Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
15
403.00 kJ/mol  
99+
28th Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
21
403.00 kJ/mol  
99+
29th Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
22
403.00 kJ/mol  
99+
30th Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
16
403.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.35 g/amp-hr  
99+
3.19 g/amp-hr  
16
Electron Work Function
4.25 eV  
28
2.16 eV  
99+
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility  
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Atomic
Atomic Number
73  
99+
37  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d3 6s2  
[Kr] 5s1  
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
73  
99+
37  
99+
Number of Neutrons
108  
29
48  
99+
Number of Electrons
73  
99+
37  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
146.00 pm  
37
248.00 pm  
3
Covalent Radius
170.00 pm  
27
220.00 pm  
4
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm  
35
303.00 pm  
4
Atomic Weight
180.95 amu  
38
85.47 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
10.90 cm3/mol  
99+
55.90 cm3/mol  
3
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Hafnium
  
Gallium
  
Next Element
Tungsten
  
Strontium
  
Valence Electron Potential
110.00 (-eV)  
7
9.47 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
330.13 pm  
99+
558.50 pm  
11
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.41  
99+
1.59  
28
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
16.69 g/cm3  
18
1.53 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
15.00 g/cm3  
23
1.46 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
180.00 MPa  
20
30.00 MPa  
99+
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
23
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
99+
0.00 (Pa)  
35
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
69.00 GPa  
13
2.50 GPa  
99+
Bulk Modulus
200.00 GPa  
8
2.50 GPa  
99+
Young's Modulus
186.00 GPa  
14
2.40 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.34  
10
0.37  
7
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile  
Ductile  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
16.65  
20
1.53  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
17
0.00 H/m  
11
Susceptibility
0.00  
27
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
131.00 nΩ·m  
25
128.00 nΩ·m  
26
Electrical Conductivity
0.08 106/cm Ω  
32
0.08 106/cm Ω  
29
Electron Affinity
31.00 kJ/mol  
35
46.90 kJ/mol  
29
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.14 J/(kg K)  
38
0.36 J/(kg K)  
17
Molar Heat Capacity
25.36 J/mol·K  
99+
31.06 J/mol·K  
7
Thermal Conductivity
57.50 W/m·K  
27
58.20 W/m·K  
26
Critical Temperature
3,290.00 K  
4
2,093.00 K  
18
Thermal Expansion
6.30 µm/(m·K)  
99+
90.00 µm/(m·K)  
2
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
753.10 kJ/mol  
2
69.20 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
31.40 kJ/mol  
3
2.19 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
782.00 kJ/mol  
3
82.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
41.50 J/mol.K  
99+
76.80 J/mol.K  
5
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