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Technetium vs Cobalt

Technetium
Cobalt
Cobalt vs Technetium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Tc  
Co  
Group Number
7  
11
9  
9
Period Number
5  
4  
Block
d block  
d block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440268  
99+
7440484  
38
Space Group Name
P63/mmc  
P63/mmc  
Space Group Number
194.00  
7
194.00  
7
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Original name of Technetium was Masurium.
  • At the time of its discovery it found in sample of Molybdenum.
  
  • The main source of Cobalt is as a by-product of copper and nickel metal mining.
  • Cobalt metal can be obtained from other elements like Oxygen, Sulfur and Arsenic.
  • It s also used in electroplating process as it exhibits anti cession properties.
  
Sources
Made by Bombarding Molybdenum with Deuterons  
Found in Compounds, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Emilio Segrè and Carlo Perriero  
Georg Brandt  
Discovery
In 1937  
In 1732  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
40
0.00 %  
10
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
18
0.00 %  
9
Abundance In Meteorites
-  
0.06 %  
10
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
21
Abundance In Oceans
-  
0.00 %  
20
Abundance In Humans
-  
0.00 %  
20
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Technetium is a radioactive metal and hence it is used for medical studies and other research purposes.
  
  • Its alloys with aluminum and nickel are used to make powerful magnets.
  • Few other alloys exhibit high-temperature strength and hence they are used in Turbines of Jet and Gas engine.
  
Industrial Uses
-  
Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
Pharmaceutical Industry  
Other Uses
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Low Toxic  
Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.04 Blood/mg dm-3  
18
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.04 p.p.m.  
32
Physical
Melting Point
2,200.00 °C  
9
1,495.00 °C  
29
Boiling Point
4,877.00 °C  
7
2,870.00 °C  
35
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Shiny Gray  
Gray  
Luster
-  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
2.25  
16
5.00  
8
Brinell Hardness
550.00 MPa  
27
470.00 MPa  
31
Vickers Hardness
500.00 MPa  
35
1,043.00 MPa  
18
Speed of Sound
16,200.00 m/s  
1
4,720.00 m/s  
18
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.90  
18
2.50  
5
Reflectivity
35.00 %  
34
67.00 %  
16
Allotropes
No  
Yes  
α Allotropes
-  
α-Cobalt  
β Allotropes
-  
β-Cobalt  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Tc  
Co  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
18  
21
26  
13
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.90  
12
1.88  
13
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.90  
13
2.56  
1
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.36  
21
1.70  
6
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.90  
13
1.88  
14
Allen Electronegativity
1.51  
31
1.84  
13
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.10  
99+
2.12  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
702.00 kJ/mol  
36
760.40 kJ/mol  
19
2nd Energy Level
1,470.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,648.00 kJ/mol  
32
3rd Energy Level
2,850.00 kJ/mol  
34
3,232.00 kJ/mol  
22
4th Energy Level
7,020.00 kJ/mol  
14
4,950.00 kJ/mol  
29
5th Energy Level
7,020.00 kJ/mol  
28
7,670.00 kJ/mol  
18
6th Energy Level
7,020.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9,840.00 kJ/mol  
18
7th Energy level
4,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12,440.00 kJ/mol  
11
8th Energy Level
4,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15,230.00 kJ/mol  
12
9th Energy Level
7,020.00 kJ/mol  
35
17,959.00 kJ/mol  
13
10th Energy Level
7,020.00 kJ/mol  
39
26,570.00 kJ/mol  
7
11th Energy Level
7,020.00 kJ/mol  
37
29,400.00 kJ/mol  
8
12th Energy Level
7,020.00 kJ/mol  
99+
32,400.00 kJ/mol  
30
13th Energy Level
7,020.00 kJ/mol  
33
36,600.00 kJ/mol  
8
14th Energy Level
7,020.00 kJ/mol  
23
39,700.00 kJ/mol  
9
15th Energy Level
70,200.00 kJ/mol  
29
42,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16th Energy Level
70,200.00 kJ/mol  
24
49,396.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
702.50 kJ/mol  
99+
52,737.00 kJ/mol  
13
18th Energy Level
7,020.00 kJ/mol  
35
134,810.00 kJ/mol  
1
19th Energy Level
702.00 kJ/mol  
99+
145,170.00 kJ/mol  
2
20th Energy Level
702.00 kJ/mol  
35
154,700.00 kJ/mol  
4
21st Energy Level
702.00 kJ/mol  
99+
167,400.00 kJ/mol  
4
22nd Energy Level
702.00 kJ/mol  
29
178,100.00 kJ/mol  
3
23rd Energy Level
702.00 kJ/mol  
99+
189,300.00 kJ/mol  
3
24th Energy Level
702.50 kJ/mol  
28
760.40 kJ/mol  
17
25th Energy Level
702.00 kJ/mol  
30
760.40 kJ/mol  
17
26th Energy Level
702.00 kJ/mol  
29
760.40 kJ/mol  
17
27th Energy Level
702.00 kJ/mol  
30
760.40 kJ/mol  
16
28th Energy Level
702.00 kJ/mol  
35
760.40 kJ/mol  
22
29th Energy Level
702.00 kJ/mol  
36
760.40 kJ/mol  
23
30th Energy Level
702.00 kJ/mol  
30
760.40 kJ/mol  
17
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.52 g/amp-hr  
99+
1.10 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.90 eV  
12
5.00 eV  
9
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility  
Chemical Stability, Ionization  
Atomic
Atomic Number
43  
99+
22  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d5 5s2  
[Ar] 3d2 4s2  
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Technetium.jpg#100  
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Cobalt.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
43  
99+
22  
99+
Number of Neutrons
55  
99+
26  
99+
Number of Electrons
43  
99+
22  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
136.00 pm  
99+
147.00 pm  
36
Covalent Radius
147.00 pm  
39
160.00 pm  
32
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm  
35
200.00 pm  
35
Atomic Weight
98.00 amu  
99+
47.87 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
8.50 cm3/mol  
99+
10.64 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Molybdenum
  
Iron
  
Next Element
Ruthenium
  
Nickel
  
Valence Electron Potential
180.00 (-eV)  
3
95.20 (-eV)  
10
Lattice Constant
273.50 pm  
99+
295.08 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.60  
21
1.26  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
11.00 g/cm3  
36
4.51 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
11.00 g/cm3  
34
4.11 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
50.00 MPa  
38
434.00 MPa  
10
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
22
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
99+
0.98 (Pa)  
14
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
27.00 GPa  
34
44.00 GPa  
17
Bulk Modulus
100.00 GPa  
16
110.00 GPa  
15
Young's Modulus
50.00 GPa  
39
116.00 GPa  
20
Poisson Ratio
0.38  
6
0.32  
12
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
Ductile  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
11.50  
37
4,500.00  
1
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
17
0.00 H/m  
17
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
3
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Poor Conductor  
Resistivity
200.00 nΩ·m  
18
420.00 nΩ·m  
12
Electrical Conductivity
0.07 106/cm Ω  
35
0.02 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
53.00 kJ/mol  
23
7.60 kJ/mol  
99+
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.21 J/(kg K)  
30
0.52 J/(kg K)  
9
Molar Heat Capacity
24.27 J/mol·K  
99+
25.06 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
50.60 W/m·K  
30
21.90 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
2,150.00 K  
16
1,768.00 K  
32
Thermal Expansion
7.10 µm/(m·K)  
99+
8.60 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
660.00 kJ/mol  
7
429.00 kJ/mol  
20
Enthalpy of Fusion
23.01 kJ/mol  
9
15.48 kJ/mol  
19
Enthalpy of Atomization
649.00 kJ/mol  
9
468.60 kJ/mol  
20
Standard Molar Entropy
181.10 J/mol.K  
2
27.30 J/mol.K  
99+
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