Thorium Properties

Thorium

Physical

Melting Point

1,750.00 °C 17

Boiling Point

4,790.00 °C 8

Hardness

Mohs Hardness

3.00 12

Brinell Hardness

390.00 MPa 29

Vickers Hardness

295.00 MPa 29

Optical Properties

Refractive Index

Not Available 0

Reflectivity

Not Available 0

Speed of Sound

2,490.00 m/s 36

Allotropes

No 0

α Allotropes

Not Available 0

β Allotropes

Not Available 0

γ Allotropes

Not Available 0

Chemical

Chemical Formula

Th 0

Isotopes

Known Isotopes

28 11

Electronegativity

Pauling Electronegativity

1.30 32

Sanderson Electronegativity

Not Available 0

Allred Rochow Electronegativity

1.11 29

Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity

Not Available 0

Allen Electronegativity

Not Available 0

Electropositivity

Pauling Electropositivity

2.70 22

Ionization Energies

1st Energy Level

587.00 kJ/mol 60

2nd Energy Level

1,110.00 kJ/mol 73

3rd Energy Level

1,978.00 kJ/mol 77

Electrochemical Equivalent

2.16 g/amp-hr 24

Electron Work Function

3.41 eV 32

Other Chemical Properties

Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity 0

Mechanical

Density

Density At Room Temperature

11.72 g/cm³ 32

Density When Liquid (at m.p.)

Not Available 0

Vapor Pressure

Vapor Pressure at 1000 K

Not Available 0

Vapor Pressure at 2000 K

0.00 (Pa) 22

Tensile Strength

Not Available 0

Viscosity

Not Available 0

Elasticity properties

Shear Modulus

31.00 GPa 21

Bulk Modulus

54.00 GPa 22

Young's Modulus

79.00 GPa 24

Poisson Ratio

0.27 20

Other Mechanical Properties

Ductile 0

Periodic Table

Symbol

Th 0

Group Number

0 18

Period Number

7 1

Block

f block 0

Element Family

Actinide 0

Atomic

Atomic Number

90 28

Atomic Weight

232.04 amu 23

Atomic Volume

19.90 cm3/mol 20

Electron Configuration

[Rn] 6d² 7s² 0

Valence Electron Potential

59.30 (-eV) 23

Atom

Number of Protons

90 28

Number of Neutrons

142 15

Number of Electrons

90 28

Crystal Structure

Face Centered Cubic (FCC) 0

Crystal Lattice

FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Thorium.jpg#100 0

Radius of an Atom

Atomic Radius

179.80 pm 15

Covalent Radius

206.00 pm 7

Van der Waals Radius

237.00 pm 15

Lattice Constant

508.42 pm 14

Lattice Angles

π/2, π/2, π/2 0

Lattice C/A Ratio

Not Available 0

Adjacent Atomic Numbers

Next Element

85 0

Previous Element

53 0

Magnetic

Electrical Properties

Resistivity

157.00 nΩ·m 22

Electrical Conductivity

0.07 10⁶/cm Ω 31

Electron Affinity

Not Available 0

Electrical Property

Superconductor 0

Magnetic Characteristics

Specific Gravity

11.70 23

Magnetic Ordering

Paramagnetic 0

Permeability

Not Available 0

Susceptibility

Not Available 0

Thermal

Specific Heat

0.12 J/(kg K) 40

Thermal Conductivity

54.00 W/m·K 28

Critical Temperature

Not Available 0

Molar Heat Capacity

26.23 J/mol·K 30

Thermal Expansion

11.00 µm/(m·K) 36

Standard Molar Entropy

27.30 J/mol.K 56

Enthalpy

Enthalpy of Vaporization

429.00 kJ/mol 15

Enthalpy of Fusion

15.48 kJ/mol 19

Enthalpy of Atomization

468.60 kJ/mol 15

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