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Tin Beryllium Comparison

Tin
Beryllium
Beryllium Tin comparison


Periodic Table
Symbol
Sn  
Be  
Group Number
14  
4
2  
16
Period Number
5  
2  
Block
p block  
s block  
Element Family
Post-​Transition  
Alkaline Earth  
CAS Number
7440315  
99+
7440417  
99+
Space Group Name
I41/amd  
P63/mmc  
Space Group Number
141.00  
10
194.00  
7
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • In the list of most abundant element Tin is ranked 49th.
  • Tin metal does not react with water as well as does not corrode in it.
  
  • Beryllium is best anti corrosion metal.
  • Beryllium is the lightest metal and still it is stronger than steel.
  • It also finds various applications in Nuclear reactors as a reflector.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining  
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
-  
Louis Nicolas Vauquelin  
Discovery
Before 3500 BC  
In 1797  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
21
0.00 %  
24
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
19
0.00 %  
29
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
34
0.00 %  
35
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
26
0.00 %  
39
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
15
0.00 %  
22
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Tin-niobium alloy is used for producing superconducting magnets.
  • Tin salt known as a tin II chloride, it is used as a mordant and as a reducing agent for dyeing calico and silk.
  
  • Its alloys with copper or nickel are used in manufacturing Gyroscopes, springs, electrical contact and non sparking tools.
  • Beryllium Alloys are used as a material for aircraft, missiles, spacecraft and satellite.
  
Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Food Industry  
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
Dentistry  
-  
Other Uses
-  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic  
Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
Yes  
In Blood
0.38 Blood/mg dm-3  
10
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
35
In Bone
1.40 p.p.m.  
17
0.00 p.p.m.  
37
Physical
Melting Point
231.90 °C  
99+
1,278.00 °C  
36
Boiling Point
2,270.00 °C  
99+
2,970.00 °C  
33
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery White  
White Gray  
Luster
-  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
1.50  
19
5.50  
7
Brinell Hardness
50.00 MPa  
99+
590.00 MPa  
25
Vickers Hardness
50.00 MPa  
99+
1,670.00 MPa  
9
Speed of Sound
2,730.00 m/s  
99+
12,890.00 m/s  
2
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
2.40  
7
1.56  
34
Reflectivity
51.00 %  
30
65.00 %  
18
Allotropes
Yes  
No  
α Allotropes
Grey Tin (alpha Tin, Tin Pest)  
-  
β Allotropes
White Tin (Beta Tin)  
-  
γ Allotropes
Rhombic Tin (gamma Tin)  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Sn  
Be  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
35  
4
9  
29
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.96  
9
1.57  
25
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.49  
19
1.81  
15
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.72  
5
1.47  
15
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.21  
5
1.54  
24
Allen Electronegativity
1.82  
14
1.58  
26
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.04  
99+
2.43  
30
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
33
899.50 kJ/mol  
7
2nd Energy Level
1,411.80 kJ/mol  
99+
1,757.10 kJ/mol  
24
3rd Energy Level
2,943.00 kJ/mol  
30
14,848.70 kJ/mol  
2
4th Energy Level
3,930.30 kJ/mol  
99+
21,006.60 kJ/mol  
2
5th Energy Level
7,456.00 kJ/mol  
21
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,470.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
39
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
35
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
32
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10th Energy Level
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
36
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11th Energy Level
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
34
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
99+
29,700.00 kJ/mol  
35
13th Energy Level
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
31
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
99+
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
70,800.00 kJ/mol  
27
89,900.00 kJ/mol  
5
16th Energy Level
70,800.00 kJ/mol  
22
89,900.00 kJ/mol  
8
17th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
99+
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
14
18th Energy Level
7,086.00 kJ/mol  
33
8,995.00 kJ/mol  
13
19th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
39
899.50 kJ/mol  
22
20th Energy Level
708.00 kJ/mol  
33
899.00 kJ/mol  
12
21st Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
99+
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
26
22nd Energy Level
708.00 kJ/mol  
27
899.00 kJ/mol  
10
23rd Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
99+
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
31
24th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
26
297.30 kJ/mol  
99+
25th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
28
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
2
26th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
27
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
2
27th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
27
297.30 kJ/mol  
99+
28th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
32
297.30 kJ/mol  
99+
29th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
33
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
2
30th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
27
2,970.00 kJ/mol  
2
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.11 g/amp-hr  
99+
0.17 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.42 eV  
22
4.98 eV  
10
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Solubility  
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Atomic
Atomic Number
50  
99+
4  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2  
[He] 2s2  
Crystal Structure
Tetragonal (TETR)  
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Crystal Lattice
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Tin.jpg#100  
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Beryllium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
50  
99+
4  
99+
Number of Neutrons
69  
99+
5  
99+
Number of Electrons
50  
99+
4  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
140.00 pm  
40
112.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
139.00 pm  
99+
96.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
217.00 pm  
29
153.00 pm  
99+
Atomic Weight
118.71 amu  
99+
9.01 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
16.30 cm3/mol  
99+
5.00 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Indium
  
Lithium
  
Next Element
Cesium
  
Sodium
  
Valence Electron Potential
83.50 (-eV)  
14
82.00 (-eV)  
15
Lattice Constant
583.18 pm  
7
228.58 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
0.68  
99+
1.57  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
7.37 g/cm3  
99+
1.85 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
6.99 g/cm3  
99+
1.69 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
15.00 MPa  
99+
287.00 MPa  
16
Viscosity
0.00  
15
0.00  
17
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
18
0.00 (Pa)  
20
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
38
0.00 (Pa)  
24
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
18.00 GPa  
99+
132.00 GPa  
7
Bulk Modulus
58.00 GPa  
21
130.00 GPa  
13
Young's Modulus
50.00 GPa  
39
287.00 GPa  
7
Poisson Ratio
0.36  
8
0.03  
36
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
7.31  
99+
1.85  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic  
Diamagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
17
0.00 H/m  
12
Susceptibility
0.00  
30
0.00  
11
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Superconductor  
Semiconductor  
Resistivity
115.00 nΩ·m  
28
36.00 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.09 106/cm Ω  
28
0.31 106/cm Ω  
5
Electron Affinity
107.30 kJ/mol  
9
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.23 J/(kg K)  
28
1.82 J/(kg K)  
2
Molar Heat Capacity
27.11 J/mol·K  
26
16.44 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
66.80 W/m·K  
25
200.00 W/m·K  
6
Critical Temperature
505.00 K  
99+
1,551.00 K  
39
Thermal Expansion
22.00 µm/(m·K)  
21
11.30 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
290.40 kJ/mol  
99+
294.70 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
7.03 kJ/mol  
99+
11.72 kJ/mol  
36
Enthalpy of Atomization
301.30 kJ/mol  
99+
326.40 kJ/mol  
40
Standard Molar Entropy
51.20 J/mol.K  
40
9.50 J/mol.K  
99+
Summary >>
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