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Tin Francium Comparison


Tin
Francium Tin comparison


Periodic Table

Symbol
Sn   
Fr   

Group Number
14   
4
1   
17

Period Number
5   
7   

Block
p block   
s block   

Element Family
Post-​Transition   
Alkali   

CAS Number
7440315   
99+
7440735   
18

Space Group Name
I41/amd   
Not Available   

Space Group Number
141.00   
7
Not Available   

Facts

Interesting Facts
  • In the list of most abundant element Tin is ranked 49th.
  • Tin metal does not react with water as well as does not corrode in it.
  
  • 223 Francium has the longest half life at 21.8.
  • Francium metal is produced by alpha decay in 227Actinium 227.
  

Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining   
Formed by Decay Process, Mining   

History
  
  

Who Discovered
Unknown   
Marguerite Perey   

Discovery
Before 3500 BC   
In 1939   

Abundance
  
  

Abundance In Universe
4 * 10-7 %   
20
Not Available   

Abundance In Sun
~0.0000009 %   
19
~-9999 %   

Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
24
Not Available   

Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
34
Not Available   

Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
26
Not Available   

Abundance In Humans
0.00 %   
13
Not Available   

Uses

Uses & Benefits
  • Tin-niobium alloy is used for producing superconducting magnets.
  • Tin salt known as a tin II chloride, it is used as a mordant and as a reducing agent for dyeing calico and silk.
  
  • Francium has no known uses as it has a half life of only 22 minutes.
  

Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Food Industry   
NA   

Medical Uses
Dentistry   
NA   

Other Uses
NA   
NA   

Biological Properties
  
  

Toxicity
Non Toxic   
NA   

Present in Human Body
Yes   
No   

In Blood
0.38 Blood/mg dm-3   
10
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37

In Bone
1.40 p.p.m.   
16
0.00 p.p.m.   
36

Physical Properties

Melting Point
231.90 °C   
99+
27.00 °C   
99+

Boiling Point
2,270.00 °C   
99+
677.00 °C   
99+

Appearance
  
  

Physical State
Solid   
Solid   

Color
Silvery White   
NA   

Luster
NA   
NA   

Hardness
  
  

Mohs Hardness
1.50   
18
Not Available   

Brinell Hardness
50.00 MPa   
99+
Not Available   

Speed of Sound
2,730.00 m/s   
32
Not Available   

Optical Properties
  
  

Allotropes
Yes   
No   

α Allotropes
Grey Tin (alpha Tin, Tin Pest)   
Not Available   

β Allotropes
White Tin (Beta Tin)   
Not Available   

γ Allotropes
Rhombic Tin (gamma Tin)   
Not Available   

Chemical Properties

Chemical Formula
Sn   
Fr   

Isotopes
  
  

Known Isotopes
35   
4
33   
6

Electronegativity
  
  

Pauling Electronegativity
1.96   
8
0.70   
99+

Sanderson Electronegativity
1.49   
15
Not Available   

Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.72   
4
0.86   
99+

Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.21   
3
0.68   
25

Allen Electronegativity
1.82   
11
0.67   
99+

Electropositivity
  
  

Pauling Electropositivity
2.04   
99+
3.30   
1

Ionization Energies
  
  

1st Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol   
33
380.00 kJ/mol   
99+

2nd Energy Level
1,411.80 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   

3rd Energy Level
2,943.00 kJ/mol   
30
Not Available   

4th Energy Level
3,930.30 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   

5th Energy Level
7,456.00 kJ/mol   
13
Not Available   

Electrochemical Equivalent
1.11 g/amp-hr   
99+
8.32 g/amp-hr   
1

Electron Work Function
4.42 eV   
16
Not Available   

Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Solubility   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility   

Atomic Properties

Atomic Number
50   
99+
87   
31

Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2   
[Rn] 7s1   

Crystal Structure
Tetragonal (TETR)   
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   

Crystal Lattice
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Tin.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   

Atom
  
  

Number of Protons
50   
99+
87   
31

Number of Neutrons
69   
99+
136   
17

Number of Electrons
50   
99+
87   
31

Radius of an Atom
  
  

Atomic Radius
140.00 pm   
38
Not Available   

Covalent Radius
139.00 pm   
99+
260.00 pm   
1

Van der Waals Radius
217.00 pm   
23
348.00 pm   
1

Atomic Weight
118.71 amu   
99+
223.00 amu   
27

Atomic Volume
16.30 cm3/mol   
32
Not Available   

Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  

Previous Element
Indium
  
Polonium
  

Next Element
Cesium
  
Radium
  

Valence Electron Potential
83.50 (-eV)   
14
8.00 (-eV)   
99+

Lattice Constant
583.18 pm   
7
Not Available   

Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
NA   

Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   

Mechanical Properties

Density
  
  

Density At Room Temperature
7.37 g/cm3   
99+
1.87 g/cm3   
99+

Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
6.99 g/cm3   
34
Not Available   

Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   

Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Vapor Pressure
  
  

Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
17
Not Available   

Elasticity properties
  
  

Shear Modulus
18.00 GPa   
36
Not Available   

Bulk Modulus
58.00 GPa   
20
Not Available   

Young's Modulus
50.00 GPa   
36
Not Available   

Poisson Ratio
0.36   
8
Not Available   

Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable   
NA   

Magnetic Properties

Magnetic Characteristics
  
  

Specific Gravity
7.31   
99+
Not Available   

Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic   
Paramagnetic   

Electrical Properties
  
  

Electrical Property
Superconductor   
Poor Conductor   

Resistivity
115.00 nΩ·m   
28
3.00 nΩ·m   
99+

Electrical Conductivity
0.09 106/cm Ω   
23
0.03 106/cm Ω   
40

Electron Affinity
107.30 kJ/mol   
8
Not Available   

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat
0.23 J/(kg K)   
28
Not Available   

Molar Heat Capacity
27.11 J/mol·K   
20
Not Available   

Thermal Conductivity
66.80 W/m·K   
25
15.00 W/m·K   
99+

Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   

Thermal Expansion
22.00 µm/(m·K)   
20
Not Available   

Enthalpy
  
  

Enthalpy of Vaporization
290.40 kJ/mol   
32
Not Available   

Enthalpy of Fusion
7.03 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   

Enthalpy of Atomization
301.30 kJ/mol   
35
71.00 kJ/mol   
99+

Standard Molar Entropy
51.20 J/mol.K   
29
Not Available   

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