Element Family
Post-Transition
Actinide
Space Group Name
I41/amd
P63/mmc
Interesting Facts
- In the list of most abundant element Tin is ranked 49th.
- Tin metal does not react with water as well as does not corrode in it.
- Thorium metal is used as an alternate option over Uranium for nuclear fuel.
- Thorium metals appearance (silvery white, soft) is somewhat similar to Lead metal.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining
Found in Minerals, Mining
Who Discovered
Unknown
Jöns Jakob Berzelius
Discovery
Before 3500 BC
In 1829
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Abundance In Humans
Not Available
Uses & Benefits
- Tin-niobium alloy is used for producing superconducting magnets.
-
Tin salt known as a tin II chloride, it is used as a mordant and as a reducing agent for dyeing calico and silk.
- Thorium metal is used as an allying agent for Magnesium, It imparts greater strength and resistance to temperature.
-
compound of this metal Thorium oxide is used as an industrial catalyst.
Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Food Industry
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
Dentistry
Dentistry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
Other Uses
NA
Alloys, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues
Toxicity
Non Toxic
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
Yes
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Silver
Vickers Hardness
Not Available
α Allotropes
Grey Tin (alpha Tin, Tin Pest)
Not Available
β Allotropes
White Tin (Beta Tin)
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Rhombic Tin (gamma Tin)
Not Available
Pauling Electronegativity
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available
Pauling Electropositivity
5th Energy Level
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Solubility
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2
[Rn] 6d2 7s2
Crystal Structure
Tetragonal (TETR)
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Crystal Lattice
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Tin.jpg#100
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Thorium.jpg#100
Valence Electron Potential
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Density At Room Temperature
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
Ductile
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Property
Superconductor
Superconductor
Electron Affinity
Not Available
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available