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Tin vs Vanadium

Tin
Vanadium
Vanadium vs Tin


Periodic Table
Symbol
Sn   
V   
Group Number
14   
4
5   
13
Period Number
5   
4   
Block
p block   
d block   
Element Family
Post-​Transition   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7440315   
99+
7440622   
27
Space Group Name
I41/amd   
Im_ 3m   
Space Group Number
141.00   
7
229.00   
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • In the list of most abundant element Tin is ranked 49th.
  • Tin metal does not react with water as well as does not corrode in it.
  
  • Vanadium is a highly reactive metal, hence it is not found free in nature.
  • Vanadium can be found in almost 65 different types of minerals.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining   
Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Unknown   
Andrés Manuel del Río   
Discovery
Before 3500 BC   
In 1801   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
4 * 10-7 %   
20
1 * 10-4 %   
10
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000009 %   
19
~0.00004 %   
13
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
24
0.01 %   
14
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
34
0.02 %   
12
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
26
0.00 %   
14
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %   
13
0.00 %   
16
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Tin-niobium alloy is used for producing superconducting magnets.
  • Tin salt known as a tin II chloride, it is used as a mordant and as a reducing agent for dyeing calico and silk.
  
  • Its ally with steel is used very tough and hence it is used in armor plates, axles, piston rods, tools and crankshafts.
  • Its oxide is used as pigments for glass and ceramics.
  
Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Food Industry   
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry   
Medical Uses
Dentistry   
NA   
Other Uses
NA   
Alloys   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic   
Toxic   
Present in Human Body
Yes   
Yes   
In Blood
0.38 Blood/mg dm-3   
10
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
36
In Bone
1.40 p.p.m.   
16
0.00 p.p.m.   
31
Physical Properties
Melting Point
231.90 °C   
99+
1,890.00 °C   
13
Boiling Point
2,270.00 °C   
99+
3,380.00 °C   
20
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery White   
Blue-Silver Grey   
Luster
NA   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
1.50   
18
6.70   
4
Brinell Hardness
50.00 MPa   
99+
600.00 MPa   
20
Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
628.00 MPa   
17
Speed of Sound
2,730.00 m/s   
32
4,560.00 m/s   
17
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
Not Available   
61.00 %   
14
Allotropes
Yes   
No   
α Allotropes
Grey Tin (alpha Tin, Tin Pest)   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
White Tin (Beta Tin)   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Rhombic Tin (gamma Tin)   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Sn   
V   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
35   
4
22   
17
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.96   
8
1.63   
20
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.49   
15
1.39   
17
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.72   
4
1.45   
16
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.21   
3
Not Available   
Allen Electronegativity
1.82   
11
1.53   
26
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.04   
99+
2.37   
34
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol   
33
650.90 kJ/mol   
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,411.80 kJ/mol   
99+
1,414.00 kJ/mol   
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,943.00 kJ/mol   
30
2,830.00 kJ/mol   
35
4th Energy Level
3,930.30 kJ/mol   
99+
4,507.00 kJ/mol   
25
5th Energy Level
7,456.00 kJ/mol   
13
6,298.70 kJ/mol   
23
6th Energy Level
Not Available   
12,363.00 kJ/mol   
5
7th Energy level
Not Available   
14,530.00 kJ/mol   
5
8th Energy Level
Not Available   
16,730.00 kJ/mol   
7
9th Energy Level
Not Available   
19,860.00 kJ/mol   
7
10th Energy Level
Not Available   
22,240.00 kJ/mol   
12
11th Energy Level
Not Available   
24,670.00 kJ/mol   
15
12th Energy Level
Not Available   
29,730.00 kJ/mol   
12
13th Energy Level
Not Available   
32,446.00 kJ/mol   
12
14th Energy Level
Not Available   
86,450.00 kJ/mol   
1
15th Energy Level
Not Available   
94,170.00 kJ/mol   
2
16th Energy Level
Not Available   
102,300.00 kJ/mol   
3
17th Energy Level
Not Available   
112,700.00 kJ/mol   
4
18th Energy Level
Not Available   
121,600.00 kJ/mol   
5
19th Energy Level
Not Available   
130,700.00 kJ/mol   
6
20th Energy Level
Not Available   
143,400.00 kJ/mol   
8
21st Energy Level
Not Available   
151,440.00 kJ/mol   
8
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.11 g/amp-hr   
99+
0.38 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
4.42 eV   
16
4.30 eV   
18
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Solubility   
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
50   
99+
23   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2   
[Ar] 3d3 4s2   
Crystal Structure
Tetragonal (TETR)   
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Crystal Lattice
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Tin.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
50   
99+
23   
99+
Number of Neutrons
69   
99+
28   
99+
Number of Electrons
50   
99+
23   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
140.00 pm   
38
134.00 pm   
99+
Covalent Radius
139.00 pm   
99+
153.00 pm   
33
Van der Waals Radius
217.00 pm   
23
200.00 pm   
28
Atomic Weight
118.71 amu   
99+
50.94 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
16.30 cm3/mol   
32
8.78 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Indium
  
Titanium
  
Next Element
Cesium
  
Chromium
  
Valence Electron Potential
83.50 (-eV)   
14
120.00 (-eV)   
6
Lattice Constant
583.18 pm   
7
303.00 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
7.37 g/cm3   
99+
6.00 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
6.99 g/cm3   
34
5.50 g/cm3   
99+
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
800.00 MPa   
6
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
17
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
0.23 (Pa)   
16
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
18.00 GPa   
36
47.00 GPa   
16
Bulk Modulus
58.00 GPa   
20
160.00 GPa   
11
Young's Modulus
50.00 GPa   
36
128.00 GPa   
15
Poisson Ratio
0.36   
8
0.37   
7
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable   
Ductile, Malleable   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
7.31   
99+
5.96   
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic   
Paramagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Superconductor   
Superconductor   
Resistivity
115.00 nΩ·m   
28
197.00 nΩ·m   
19
Electrical Conductivity
0.09 106/cm Ω   
23
0.05 106/cm Ω   
35
Electron Affinity
107.30 kJ/mol   
8
50.60 kJ/mol   
20
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.23 J/(kg K)   
28
0.49 J/(kg K)   
10
Molar Heat Capacity
27.11 J/mol·K   
20
24.89 J/mol·K   
99+
Thermal Conductivity
66.80 W/m·K   
25
30.70 W/m·K   
39
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
22.00 µm/(m·K)   
20
8.40 µm/(m·K)   
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
290.40 kJ/mol   
32
458.60 kJ/mol   
14
Enthalpy of Fusion
7.03 kJ/mol   
99+
17.57 kJ/mol   
14
Enthalpy of Atomization
301.30 kJ/mol   
35
514.60 kJ/mol   
13
Standard Molar Entropy
51.20 J/mol.K   
29
28.90 J/mol.K   
99+
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