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Tin Vanadium Comparison


Tin
Vanadium Tin comparison


Periodic Table

Symbol
Sn   
V   

Group Number
14   
4
5   
13

Period Number
5   
4   

Block
p block   
d block   

Element Family
Post-​Transition   
Transition Metal   

CAS Number
7440315   
99+
7440622   
27

Space Group Name
I41/amd   
Im_ 3m   

Space Group Number
141.00   
7
229.00   
1

Facts

Interesting Facts
  • In the list of most abundant element Tin is ranked 49th.
  • Tin metal does not react with water as well as does not corrode in it.
  
  • Vanadium is a highly reactive metal, hence it is not found free in nature.
  • Vanadium can be found in almost 65 different types of minerals.
  

Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining   
Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   

History
  
  

Who Discovered
Unknown   
Andrés Manuel del Río   

Discovery
Before 3500 BC   
In 1801   

Abundance
  
  

Abundance In Universe
4 * 10-7 %   
20
1 * 10-4 %   
10

Abundance In Sun
~0.0000009 %   
19
~0.00004 %   
13

Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
24
0.01 %   
14

Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
34
0.02 %   
12

Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
26
0.00 %   
14

Abundance In Humans
0.00 %   
13
0.00 %   
16

Uses

Uses & Benefits
  • Tin-niobium alloy is used for producing superconducting magnets.
  • Tin salt known as a tin II chloride, it is used as a mordant and as a reducing agent for dyeing calico and silk.
  
  • Its ally with steel is used very tough and hence it is used in armor plates, axles, piston rods, tools and crankshafts.
  • Its oxide is used as pigments for glass and ceramics.
  

Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Food Industry   
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry   

Medical Uses
Dentistry   
NA   

Other Uses
NA   
Alloys   

Biological Properties
  
  

Toxicity
Non Toxic   
Toxic   

Present in Human Body
Yes   
Yes   

In Blood
0.38 Blood/mg dm-3   
10
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
36

In Bone
1.40 p.p.m.   
16
0.00 p.p.m.   
31

Physical Properties

Melting Point
231.90 °C   
99+
1,890.00 °C   
13

Boiling Point
2,270.00 °C   
99+
3,380.00 °C   
20

Appearance
  
  

Physical State
Solid   
Solid   

Color
Silvery White   
Blue-Silver Grey   

Luster
NA   
Metallic   

Hardness
  
  

Mohs Hardness
1.50   
18
6.70   
4

Brinell Hardness
50.00 MPa   
99+
600.00 MPa   
20

Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
628.00 MPa   
17

Speed of Sound
2,730.00 m/s   
32
4,560.00 m/s   
17

Optical Properties
  
  

Reflectivity
Not Available   
61.00 %   
14

Allotropes
Yes   
No   

α Allotropes
Grey Tin (alpha Tin, Tin Pest)   
Not Available   

β Allotropes
White Tin (Beta Tin)   
Not Available   

γ Allotropes
Rhombic Tin (gamma Tin)   
Not Available   

Chemical Properties

Chemical Formula
Sn   
V   

Isotopes
  
  

Known Isotopes
35   
4
22   
17

Electronegativity
  
  

Pauling Electronegativity
1.96   
8
1.63   
20

Sanderson Electronegativity
1.49   
15
1.39   
17

Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.72   
4
1.45   
16

Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.21   
3
Not Available   

Allen Electronegativity
1.82   
11
1.53   
26

Electropositivity
  
  

Pauling Electropositivity
2.04   
99+
2.37   
34

Ionization Energies
  
  

1st Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol   
33
650.90 kJ/mol   
99+

2nd Energy Level
1,411.80 kJ/mol   
99+
1,414.00 kJ/mol   
99+

3rd Energy Level
2,943.00 kJ/mol   
30
2,830.00 kJ/mol   
35

4th Energy Level
3,930.30 kJ/mol   
99+
4,507.00 kJ/mol   
25

5th Energy Level
7,456.00 kJ/mol   
13
6,298.70 kJ/mol   
23

6th Energy Level
Not Available   
12,363.00 kJ/mol   
5

7th Energy level
Not Available   
14,530.00 kJ/mol   
5

8th Energy Level
Not Available   
16,730.00 kJ/mol   
7

9th Energy Level
Not Available   
19,860.00 kJ/mol   
7

10th Energy Level
Not Available   
22,240.00 kJ/mol   
12

11th Energy Level
Not Available   
24,670.00 kJ/mol   
15

12th Energy Level
Not Available   
29,730.00 kJ/mol   
12

13th Energy Level
Not Available   
32,446.00 kJ/mol   
12

14th Energy Level
Not Available   
86,450.00 kJ/mol   
1

15th Energy Level
Not Available   
94,170.00 kJ/mol   
2

16th Energy Level
Not Available   
102,300.00 kJ/mol   
3

17th Energy Level
Not Available   
112,700.00 kJ/mol   
4

18th Energy Level
Not Available   
121,600.00 kJ/mol   
5

19th Energy Level
Not Available   
130,700.00 kJ/mol   
6

20th Energy Level
Not Available   
143,400.00 kJ/mol   
8

21st Energy Level
Not Available   
151,440.00 kJ/mol   
8

Electrochemical Equivalent
1.11 g/amp-hr   
99+
0.38 g/amp-hr   
99+

Electron Work Function
4.42 eV   
16
4.30 eV   
18

Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Solubility   
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes   

Atomic Properties

Atomic Number
50   
99+
23   
99+

Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2   
[Ar] 3d3 4s2   

Crystal Structure
Tetragonal (TETR)   
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   

Crystal Lattice
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Tin.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   

Atom
  
  

Number of Protons
50   
99+
23   
99+

Number of Neutrons
69   
99+
28   
99+

Number of Electrons
50   
99+
23   
99+

Radius of an Atom
  
  

Atomic Radius
140.00 pm   
38
134.00 pm   
99+

Covalent Radius
139.00 pm   
99+
153.00 pm   
33

Van der Waals Radius
217.00 pm   
23
200.00 pm   
28

Atomic Weight
118.71 amu   
99+
50.94 amu   
99+

Atomic Volume
16.30 cm3/mol   
32
8.78 cm3/mol   
99+

Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  

Previous Element
Indium
  
Titanium
  

Next Element
Cesium
  
Chromium
  

Valence Electron Potential
83.50 (-eV)   
14
120.00 (-eV)   
6

Lattice Constant
583.18 pm   
7
303.00 pm   
99+

Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, π/2   

Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   

Mechanical Properties

Density
  
  

Density At Room Temperature
7.37 g/cm3   
99+
6.00 g/cm3   
99+

Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
6.99 g/cm3   
34
5.50 g/cm3   
99+

Tensile Strength
Not Available   
800.00 MPa   
6

Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Vapor Pressure
  
  

Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
17
Not Available   

Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
0.23 (Pa)   
16

Elasticity properties
  
  

Shear Modulus
18.00 GPa   
36
47.00 GPa   
16

Bulk Modulus
58.00 GPa   
20
160.00 GPa   
11

Young's Modulus
50.00 GPa   
36
128.00 GPa   
15

Poisson Ratio
0.36   
8
0.37   
7

Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable   
Ductile, Malleable   

Magnetic Properties

Magnetic Characteristics
  
  

Specific Gravity
7.31   
99+
5.96   
99+

Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic   
Paramagnetic   

Electrical Properties
  
  

Electrical Property
Superconductor   
Superconductor   

Resistivity
115.00 nΩ·m   
28
197.00 nΩ·m   
19

Electrical Conductivity
0.09 106/cm Ω   
23
0.05 106/cm Ω   
35

Electron Affinity
107.30 kJ/mol   
8
50.60 kJ/mol   
20

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat
0.23 J/(kg K)   
28
0.49 J/(kg K)   
10

Molar Heat Capacity
27.11 J/mol·K   
20
24.89 J/mol·K   
99+

Thermal Conductivity
66.80 W/m·K   
25
30.70 W/m·K   
39

Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   

Thermal Expansion
22.00 µm/(m·K)   
20
8.40 µm/(m·K)   
99+

Enthalpy
  
  

Enthalpy of Vaporization
290.40 kJ/mol   
32
458.60 kJ/mol   
14

Enthalpy of Fusion
7.03 kJ/mol   
99+
17.57 kJ/mol   
14

Enthalpy of Atomization
301.30 kJ/mol   
35
514.60 kJ/mol   
13

Standard Molar Entropy
51.20 J/mol.K   
29
28.90 J/mol.K   
99+

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