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Tin Zinc Comparison

Tin
Zinc
Zinc Tin comparison


Periodic Table
Symbol
Sn   
Zn   
Group Number
14   
4
12   
6
Period Number
5   
4   
Block
p block   
d block   
Element Family
Post-​Transition   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7440315   
99+
7440666   
24
Space Group Name
I41/amd   
P63/mmc   
Space Group Number
141.00   
7
194.00   
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • In the list of most abundant element Tin is ranked 49th.
  • Tin metal does not react with water as well as does not corrode in it.
  
  • Zinc metal found (obtain) in many forms like granules, foil, dust and in a powder form.
  • The leading producers of Zinc metal are Australia, Canada, China, U.S.A and Peru.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining   
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Unknown   
Indian metallurgists   
Discovery
Before 3500 BC   
Before 1000 BCE   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
4 * 10-7 %   
20
3 * 10-5 %   
11
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000009 %   
19
~0.0002 %   
10
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
24
0.02 %   
12
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
34
0.01 %   
16
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
26
0.00 %   
10
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %   
13
0.00 %   
6
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Tin-niobium alloy is used for producing superconducting magnets.
  • Tin salt known as a tin II chloride, it is used as a mordant and as a reducing agent for dyeing calico and silk.
  
  • It is mainly used for Galvanizing other metals.
  • It is also used for manufacturing die-casting and it is very essential for automobile industry.
  
Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Food Industry   
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
Dentistry   
Pharmaceutical Industry   
Other Uses
NA   
Alloys   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic   
Highly Toxic   
Present in Human Body
Yes   
Yes   
In Blood
0.38 Blood/mg dm-3   
10
7.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
6
In Bone
1.40 p.p.m.   
16
170.00 p.p.m.   
6
Physical Properties
Melting Point
231.90 °C   
99+
419.58 °C   
99+
Boiling Point
2,270.00 °C   
99+
907.00 °C   
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery White   
Silvery Gray   
Luster
NA   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
1.50   
18
2.50   
14
Brinell Hardness
50.00 MPa   
99+
327.00 MPa   
32
Speed of Sound
2,730.00 m/s   
32
3,850.00 m/s   
18
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
Not Available   
1.00   
2
Reflectivity
Not Available   
80.00 %   
5
Allotropes
Yes   
No   
α Allotropes
Grey Tin (alpha Tin, Tin Pest)   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
White Tin (Beta Tin)   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Rhombic Tin (gamma Tin)   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Sn   
Zn   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
35   
4
25   
14
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.96   
8
1.65   
19
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.49   
15
2.23   
6
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.72   
4
1.66   
7
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.21   
3
1.65   
11
Allen Electronegativity
1.82   
11
1.59   
22
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.04   
99+
2.35   
35
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol   
33
906.40 kJ/mol   
6
2nd Energy Level
1,411.80 kJ/mol   
99+
1,733.30 kJ/mol   
27
3rd Energy Level
2,943.00 kJ/mol   
30
3,833.00 kJ/mol   
12
4th Energy Level
3,930.30 kJ/mol   
99+
5,731.00 kJ/mol   
11
5th Energy Level
7,456.00 kJ/mol   
13
7,970.00 kJ/mol   
9
6th Energy Level
Not Available   
10,400.00 kJ/mol   
9
7th Energy level
Not Available   
12,900.00 kJ/mol   
9
8th Energy Level
Not Available   
16,800.00 kJ/mol   
6
9th Energy Level
Not Available   
19,600.00 kJ/mol   
8
10th Energy Level
Not Available   
23,000.00 kJ/mol   
10
11th Energy Level
Not Available   
26,400.00 kJ/mol   
11
12th Energy Level
Not Available   
29,990.00 kJ/mol   
11
13th Energy Level
Not Available   
40,490.00 kJ/mol   
5
14th Energy Level
Not Available   
43,800.00 kJ/mol   
6
15th Energy Level
Not Available   
47,300.00 kJ/mol   
8
16th Energy Level
Not Available   
52,300.00 kJ/mol   
9
17th Energy Level
Not Available   
55,900.00 kJ/mol   
10
18th Energy Level
Not Available   
59,700.00 kJ/mol   
11
19th Energy Level
Not Available   
67,300.00 kJ/mol   
10
20th Energy Level
Not Available   
171,200.00 kJ/mol   
1
21st Energy Level
Not Available   
179,100.00 kJ/mol   
1
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.11 g/amp-hr   
99+
1.22 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
4.42 eV   
16
4.33 eV   
17
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Solubility   
Anti Corrosion, Chemical Stability, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
50   
99+
30   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2   
[Ar] 3d10 4s2   
Crystal Structure
Tetragonal (TETR)   
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Crystal Lattice
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Tin.jpg#100   
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Zinc.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
50   
99+
30   
99+
Number of Neutrons
69   
99+
35   
99+
Number of Electrons
50   
99+
30   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
140.00 pm   
38
134.00 pm   
99+
Covalent Radius
139.00 pm   
99+
122.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
217.00 pm   
23
139.00 pm   
99+
Atomic Weight
118.71 amu   
99+
65.38 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
16.30 cm3/mol   
32
9.20 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Indium
  
Copper
  
Next Element
Cesium
  
Gallium
  
Valence Electron Potential
83.50 (-eV)   
14
38.90 (-eV)   
99+
Lattice Constant
583.18 pm   
7
266.49 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
7.37 g/cm3   
99+
7.14 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
6.99 g/cm3   
34
6.57 g/cm3   
37
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
17
Not Available   
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
18.00 GPa   
36
43.00 GPa   
18
Bulk Modulus
58.00 GPa   
20
70.00 GPa   
19
Young's Modulus
50.00 GPa   
36
108.00 GPa   
19
Poisson Ratio
0.36   
8
0.25   
24
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable   
NA   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
7.31   
99+
6.90   
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic   
Diamagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Superconductor   
Conductor   
Resistivity
115.00 nΩ·m   
28
59.00 nΩ·m   
40
Electrical Conductivity
0.09 106/cm Ω   
23
0.17 106/cm Ω   
12
Electron Affinity
107.30 kJ/mol   
8
0.00 kJ/mol   
40
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.23 J/(kg K)   
28
0.39 J/(kg K)   
14
Molar Heat Capacity
27.11 J/mol·K   
20
25.47 J/mol·K   
39
Thermal Conductivity
66.80 W/m·K   
25
116.00 W/m·K   
14
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
22.00 µm/(m·K)   
20
30.20 µm/(m·K)   
11
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
290.40 kJ/mol   
32
7.32 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
7.03 kJ/mol   
99+
7.32 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
301.30 kJ/mol   
35
129.70 kJ/mol   
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
51.20 J/mol.K   
29
41.60 J/mol.K   
36
Summary >>
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