Tungsten Polonium Comparison
Periodic Table
Symbol
W
Po
Group Number
6
12
16
2
Period Number
6
6
Block
d block
p block
Element Family
Transition Metal
Post-Transition
CAS Number
7440337
99+
7440086
99+
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m
Pm-3m
Space Group Number
229.00
1
221.00
3
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Tungsten element has the second highest melting point.
- Pure tungsten can easily cut down with the help of hacksaw.
- Polonium was the first radioactive element to be discovered.
- Polonium element and its compounds are highly radioactive.
- Its alloy with Beryllium provides source of neutrons.
Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Mining, Ores of metals
History
Who Discovered
Not Available
Pierre Curie and Marie Curie
Discovery
In 1781
In 1898
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
5 * 10-8 %
27
Not Available
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000004 %
23
~-9999 %
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
39
Not Available
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
39
Not Available
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
18
0.00 %
99+
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Tungsten and its alloys are used in high-temperature applications like welding electrodes, high-temperature furnace, etc.
- Tungsten carbide is very hard and used in metal working, mining and petroleum industry.
- Polonium metal has different Allotropes, it is used in antistatic devices and for research purpose.
- A 1 gram of Polonium can reach a temperature of 500°C, hence it is used as a heat source for space equipment.
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry
Medical Uses
NA
NA
Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Non Toxic
Highly Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
No
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
31
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
37
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.
35
0.00 p.p.m.
36
Physical Properties
Melting Point
3,410.00 °C
1
254.00 °C
99+
Boiling Point
5,660.00 °C
1
962.00 °C
99+
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Grayish White
Silver
Luster
Lustrous
NA
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
7.50
2
Not Available
Brinell Hardness
2,000.00 MPa
4
Not Available
Vickers Hardness
3,430.00 MPa
1
Not Available
Speed of Sound
4,620.00 m/s
16
Not Available
Optical Properties
Reflectivity
62.00 %
13
Not Available
Allotropes
No
Yes
α Allotropes
Not Available
α-polonium
β Allotropes
Not Available
β-polonium
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
W
Po
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
33
6
29
10
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
2.36
2
2.00
7
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.98
23
Not Available
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.40
19
1.76
2
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
2.48
1
Allen Electronegativity
1.47
29
2.19
2
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
1.64
99+
2.00
99+
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol
16
812.10 kJ/mol
14
2nd Energy Level
1,700.00 kJ/mol
29
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.14 g/amp-hr
99+
3.90 g/amp-hr
8
Electron Work Function
4.55 eV
13
Not Available
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
74
99+
84
32
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d4 6s2
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p4
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Monoclinic (MON)
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
MON-Crystal-Structure-of-Polonium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
74
99+
84
32
Number of Neutrons
110
27
125
19
Number of Electrons
74
99+
84
32
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
139.00 pm
39
168.00 pm
23
Covalent Radius
162.00 pm
29
140.00 pm
99+
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm
28
197.00 pm
29
Atomic Weight
183.84 amu
37
209.00 amu
28
Atomic Volume
9.53 cm3/mol
99+
22.23 cm3/mol
13
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
140.00 (-eV)
5
Not Available
Lattice Constant
316.52 pm
99+
335.90 pm
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
19.25 g/cm3
16
9.20 g/cm3
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
17.60 g/cm3
5
9.40 g/cm3
19
Tensile Strength
370.00 MPa
10
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)
32
Not Available
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
161.00 GPa
5
Not Available
Bulk Modulus
310.00 GPa
4
Not Available
Young's Modulus
411.00 GPa
4
Not Available
Poisson Ratio
0.28
17
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
NA
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
19.22
9
9.32
31
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Nonmagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Superconductor
Conductor
Resistivity
52.80 nΩ·m
99+
0.40 nΩ·m
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.19 106/cm Ω
10
0.02 106/cm Ω
99+
Electron Affinity
78.60 kJ/mol
13
183.30 kJ/mol
3
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)
39
0.12 J/(kg K)
40
Molar Heat Capacity
24.27 J/mol·K
99+
26.40 J/mol·K
28
Thermal Conductivity
173.00 W/m·K
7
20.00 W/m·K
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
4.50 µm/(m·K)
99+
23.50 µm/(m·K)
16
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
799.10 kJ/mol
1
60.30 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
35.23 kJ/mol
1
13.00 kJ/mol
26
Enthalpy of Atomization
837.00 kJ/mol
1
134.00 kJ/mol
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
32.60 J/mol.K
99+
Not Available
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