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Tungsten vs Polonium

Tungsten
Polonium
Polonium vs Tungsten


Periodic Table
Symbol
W   
Po   
Group Number
6   
12
16   
2
Period Number
6   
6   
Block
d block   
p block   
Element Family
Transition Metal   
Post-​Transition   
CAS Number
7440337   
99+
7440086   
99+
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m   
Pm-3m   
Space Group Number
229.00   
1
221.00   
3
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Tungsten element has the second highest melting point.
  • Pure tungsten can easily cut down with the help of hacksaw.
  
  • Polonium was the first radioactive element to be discovered.
  • Polonium element and its compounds are highly radioactive.
  • Its alloy with Beryllium provides source of neutrons.
  
Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
Mining, Ores of metals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Not Available   
Pierre Curie and Marie Curie   
Discovery
In 1781   
In 1898   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
5 * 10-8 %   
27
Not Available   
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000004 %   
23
~-9999 %   
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
39
Not Available   
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
39
Not Available   
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
18
0.00 %   
99+
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Tungsten and its alloys are used in high-temperature applications like welding electrodes, high-temperature furnace, etc.
  • Tungsten carbide is very hard and used in metal working, mining and petroleum industry.
  
  • Polonium metal has different Allotropes, it is used in antistatic devices and for research purpose.
  • A 1 gram of Polonium can reach a temperature of 500°C, hence it is used as a heat source for space equipment.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
NA   
Other Uses
Alloys   
Alloys   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic   
Highly Toxic   
Present in Human Body
Yes   
No   
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
31
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.   
35
0.00 p.p.m.   
36
Physical Properties
Melting Point
3,410.00 °C   
1
254.00 °C   
99+
Boiling Point
5,660.00 °C   
1
962.00 °C   
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Grayish White   
Silver   
Luster
Lustrous   
NA   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
7.50   
2
Not Available   
Brinell Hardness
2,000.00 MPa   
4
Not Available   
Vickers Hardness
3,430.00 MPa   
1
Not Available   
Speed of Sound
4,620.00 m/s   
16
Not Available   
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
62.00 %   
13
Not Available   
Allotropes
No   
Yes   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
α-polonium   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
β-polonium   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
W   
Po   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
33   
6
29   
10
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.36   
2
2.00   
7
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.98   
23
Not Available   
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.40   
19
1.76   
2
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available   
2.48   
1
Allen Electronegativity
1.47   
29
2.19   
2
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.64   
99+
2.00   
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol   
16
812.10 kJ/mol   
14
2nd Energy Level
1,700.00 kJ/mol   
29
Not Available   
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.14 g/amp-hr   
99+
3.90 g/amp-hr   
8
Electron Work Function
4.55 eV   
13
Not Available   
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
74   
99+
84   
32
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d4 6s2   
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p4   
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Monoclinic (MON)   
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
MON-Crystal-Structure-of-Polonium.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
74   
99+
84   
32
Number of Neutrons
110   
27
125   
19
Number of Electrons
74   
99+
84   
32
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
139.00 pm   
39
168.00 pm   
23
Covalent Radius
162.00 pm   
29
140.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm   
28
197.00 pm   
29
Atomic Weight
183.84 amu   
37
209.00 amu   
28
Atomic Volume
9.53 cm3/mol   
99+
22.23 cm3/mol   
13
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Tantalum
  
Bismuth
  
Next Element
Rhenium
  
Francium
  
Valence Electron Potential
140.00 (-eV)   
5
Not Available   
Lattice Constant
316.52 pm   
99+
335.90 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
19.25 g/cm3   
16
9.20 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
17.60 g/cm3   
5
9.40 g/cm3   
19
Tensile Strength
370.00 MPa   
10
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
32
Not Available   
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
161.00 GPa   
5
Not Available   
Bulk Modulus
310.00 GPa   
4
Not Available   
Young's Modulus
411.00 GPa   
4
Not Available   
Poisson Ratio
0.28   
17
Not Available   
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable   
NA   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
19.22   
9
9.32   
31
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Nonmagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Superconductor   
Conductor   
Resistivity
52.80 nΩ·m   
99+
0.40 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.19 106/cm Ω   
10
0.02 106/cm Ω   
99+
Electron Affinity
78.60 kJ/mol   
13
183.30 kJ/mol   
3
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)   
39
0.12 J/(kg K)   
40
Molar Heat Capacity
24.27 J/mol·K   
99+
26.40 J/mol·K   
28
Thermal Conductivity
173.00 W/m·K   
7
20.00 W/m·K   
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
4.50 µm/(m·K)   
99+
23.50 µm/(m·K)   
16
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
799.10 kJ/mol   
1
60.30 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
35.23 kJ/mol   
1
13.00 kJ/mol   
26
Enthalpy of Atomization
837.00 kJ/mol   
1
134.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
32.60 J/mol.K   
99+
Not Available   
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