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Vanadium Potassium Comparison

Vanadium
Potassium
Potassium Vanadium comparison


Periodic Table
Symbol
V  
K  
Group Number
5  
13
1  
17
Period Number
4  
4  
Block
d block  
s block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Alkali  
CAS Number
7440622  
27
7440097  
99+
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m  
Im_ 3m  
Space Group Number
229.00  
2
229.00  
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Vanadium is a highly reactive metal, hence it is not found free in nature.
  • Vanadium can be found in almost 65 different types of minerals.
  
  • In the list of most abundant element Potassium is ranked 7th.
  • Potassium can easily be sliced (chopped) down using knife.
  
Sources
Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
Found in Minerals, Mining  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Andrés Manuel del Río  
Humphry Davy  
Discovery
In 1801  
In 1807  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
11
0.00 %  
10
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
13
0.00 %  
9
Abundance In Meteorites
0.01 %  
14
0.07 %  
9
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.02 %  
12
1.50 %  
6
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
14
0.04 %  
3
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
19
0.20 %  
3
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Its ally with steel is used very tough and hence it is used in armor plates, axles, piston rods, tools and crankshafts.
  • Its oxide is used as pigments for glass and ceramics.
  
  • Potassium’s compounds are in high demand for their application in Fertilizer manufacturing.
  • Potassium carbonate is used in glass manufacturing and Potassium carbonate in manufacturing detergent and body wash.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry  
Ammunition Industry, Chemical Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
Pharmaceutical Industry  
Other Uses
Alloys  
-  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic  
Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
39
1,620.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
2
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
36
2,100.00 p.p.m.  
3
Physical
Melting Point
1,890.00 °C  
13
63.65 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
3,380.00 °C  
21
774.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Blue-Silver Grey  
Silvery Gray  
Luster
Metallic  
-  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.70  
4
0.40  
25
Brinell Hardness
600.00 MPa  
24
0.36 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
628.00 MPa  
25
100.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
4,560.00 m/s  
22
2,000.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
2.05  
13
1.33  
99+
Reflectivity
61.00 %  
22
72.00 %  
11
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
V  
K  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
22  
17
20  
19
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.63  
21
0.82  
99+
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.39  
21
0.45  
99+
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.45  
17
0.91  
40
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.63  
21
0.73  
99+
Allen Electronegativity
1.53  
29
0.73  
99+
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.37  
34
3.18  
3
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
650.90 kJ/mol  
99+
418.80 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,414.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3,052.00 kJ/mol  
5
3rd Energy Level
2,830.00 kJ/mol  
36
4,420.00 kJ/mol  
8
4th Energy Level
4,507.00 kJ/mol  
35
5,877.00 kJ/mol  
18
5th Energy Level
6,298.70 kJ/mol  
38
7,975.00 kJ/mol  
14
6th Energy Level
12,363.00 kJ/mol  
6
9,590.00 kJ/mol  
19
7th Energy level
14,530.00 kJ/mol  
5
11,343.00 kJ/mol  
17
8th Energy Level
16,730.00 kJ/mol  
7
14,944.00 kJ/mol  
13
9th Energy Level
19,860.00 kJ/mol  
7
16,963.70 kJ/mol  
15
10th Energy Level
22,240.00 kJ/mol  
12
48,610.00 kJ/mol  
3
11th Energy Level
24,670.00 kJ/mol  
15
54,490.00 kJ/mol  
4
12th Energy Level
29,730.00 kJ/mol  
34
60,730.00 kJ/mol  
15
13th Energy Level
32,446.00 kJ/mol  
12
68,950.00 kJ/mol  
4
14th Energy Level
86,450.00 kJ/mol  
1
75,900.00 kJ/mol  
5
15th Energy Level
94,170.00 kJ/mol  
3
83,080.00 kJ/mol  
13
16th Energy Level
102,300.00 kJ/mol  
3
93,400.00 kJ/mol  
7
17th Energy Level
112,700.00 kJ/mol  
4
99,710.00 kJ/mol  
8
18th Energy Level
121,600.00 kJ/mol  
5
4,196.00 kJ/mol  
99+
19th Energy Level
130,700.00 kJ/mol  
6
419.20 kJ/mol  
99+
20th Energy Level
143,400.00 kJ/mol  
8
419.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21st Energy Level
151,440.00 kJ/mol  
8
419.20 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
650.00 kJ/mol  
32
419.00 kJ/mol  
99+
23rd Energy Level
650.90 kJ/mol  
99+
419.20 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
650.90 kJ/mol  
34
419.20 kJ/mol  
99+
25th Energy Level
650.90 kJ/mol  
36
419.20 kJ/mol  
99+
26th Energy Level
650.90 kJ/mol  
35
419.20 kJ/mol  
99+
27th Energy Level
650.90 kJ/mol  
36
419.20 kJ/mol  
99+
28th Energy Level
650.90 kJ/mol  
99+
419.20 kJ/mol  
99+
29th Energy Level
650.90 kJ/mol  
99+
419.20 kJ/mol  
99+
30th Energy Level
650.90 kJ/mol  
38
419.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.38 g/amp-hr  
99+
1.46 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.30 eV  
25
2.30 eV  
99+
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Chemical Stability, Flammability, Ionization, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
23  
99+
19  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d3 4s2  
[Ar] 4s1  
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
23  
99+
19  
99+
Number of Neutrons
28  
99+
20  
99+
Number of Electrons
23  
99+
19  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
134.00 pm  
99+
227.00 pm  
4
Covalent Radius
153.00 pm  
35
203.00 pm  
9
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm  
35
275.00 pm  
7
Atomic Weight
50.94 amu  
99+
39.10 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
8.78 cm3/mol  
99+
45.46 cm3/mol  
4
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Titanium
  
Aluminium
  
Next Element
Chromium
  
Calcium
  
Valence Electron Potential
120.00 (-eV)  
6
10.40 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
303.00 pm  
99+
532.80 pm  
13
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.70  
9
1.69  
10
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
6.00 g/cm3  
99+
0.86 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
5.50 g/cm3  
99+
0.83 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
800.00 MPa  
6
16.00 MPa  
99+
Viscosity
0.00  
11
0.00  
9
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
16
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.23 (Pa)  
16
0.00 (Pa)  
34
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
47.00 GPa  
16
1.30 GPa  
99+
Bulk Modulus
160.00 GPa  
11
3.10 GPa  
99+
Young's Modulus
128.00 GPa  
17
3.53 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.37  
7
0.35  
9
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
5.96  
99+
0.86  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
15
0.00 H/m  
13
Susceptibility
0.00  
8
0.00  
23
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Superconductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
197.00 nΩ·m  
19
72.00 nΩ·m  
37
Electrical Conductivity
0.05 106/cm Ω  
40
0.14 106/cm Ω  
16
Electron Affinity
50.60 kJ/mol  
25
48.40 kJ/mol  
27
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.49 J/(kg K)  
10
0.75 J/(kg K)  
6
Molar Heat Capacity
24.89 J/mol·K  
99+
29.60 J/mol·K  
8
Thermal Conductivity
30.70 W/m·K  
40
102.50 W/m·K  
15
Critical Temperature
2,183.00 K  
15
2,223.00 K  
14
Thermal Expansion
8.40 µm/(m·K)  
99+
83.30 µm/(m·K)  
3
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
458.60 kJ/mol  
19
77.50 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
17.57 kJ/mol  
14
2.32 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
514.60 kJ/mol  
17
89.50 kJ/mol  
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
28.90 J/mol.K  
99+
64.70 J/mol.K  
19
Summary >>
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