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Vanadium vs Rutherfordium

Vanadium
Rutherfordium
Rutherfordium vs Vanadium


Periodic Table
Symbol
V   
Rf   
Group Number
5   
13
4   
14
Period Number
4   
7   
Block
d block   
d block   
Element Family
Transition Metal   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7440622   
27
53850365   
13
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m   
Not Available   
Space Group Number
229.00   
1
Not Available   
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Vanadium is a highly reactive metal, hence it is not found free in nature.
  • Vanadium can be found in almost 65 different types of minerals.
  
  • Rutherfordium does not occur in nature as it is a synthetic element.
  • Till date Rutherfordium metal has 15 radioisotopes created synthetically.
  
Sources
Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
Bombarding Plutonium with Accelerated 113 to 115 MeV Neon Ions, Synthetically Produced   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Andrés Manuel del Río   
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research   
Discovery
In 1801   
In 1964   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
1 * 10-4 %   
10
Not Available   
Abundance In Sun
~0.00004 %   
13
~-9999 %   
Abundance In Meteorites
0.01 %   
14
Not Available   
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.02 %   
12
Not Available   
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
14
Not Available   
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %   
16
Not Available   
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Its ally with steel is used very tough and hence it is used in armor plates, axles, piston rods, tools and crankshafts.
  • Its oxide is used as pigments for glass and ceramics.
  
  • Currently known uses of Rutherfordium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry   
NA   
Medical Uses
NA   
NA   
Other Uses
Alloys   
Alloys, Research Purposes   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic   
Unknown   
Present in Human Body
Yes   
No   
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
36
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.   
31
0.00 p.p.m.   
36
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,890.00 °C   
13
2,100.00 °C   
11
Boiling Point
3,380.00 °C   
20
5,500.00 °C   
3
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Blue-Silver Grey   
Unknown   
Luster
Metallic   
Unknown Luster   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.70   
4
Not Available   
Brinell Hardness
600.00 MPa   
20
Not Available   
Vickers Hardness
628.00 MPa   
17
Not Available   
Speed of Sound
4,560.00 m/s   
17
Not Available   
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
61.00 %   
14
Not Available   
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
V   
Rf   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
22   
17
13   
26
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.63   
20
Not Available   
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.39   
17
Not Available   
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.45   
16
Not Available   
Allen Electronegativity
1.53   
26
Not Available   
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.37   
34
Not Available   
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
650.90 kJ/mol   
99+
579.90 kJ/mol   
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,414.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,389.40 kJ/mol   
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,830.00 kJ/mol   
35
2,296.40 kJ/mol   
99+
4th Energy Level
4,507.00 kJ/mol   
25
3,077.90 kJ/mol   
99+
5th Energy Level
6,298.70 kJ/mol   
23
Not Available   
6th Energy Level
12,363.00 kJ/mol   
5
Not Available   
7th Energy level
14,530.00 kJ/mol   
5
Not Available   
8th Energy Level
16,730.00 kJ/mol   
7
Not Available   
9th Energy Level
19,860.00 kJ/mol   
7
Not Available   
10th Energy Level
22,240.00 kJ/mol   
12
Not Available   
11th Energy Level
24,670.00 kJ/mol   
15
Not Available   
12th Energy Level
29,730.00 kJ/mol   
12
Not Available   
13th Energy Level
32,446.00 kJ/mol   
12
Not Available   
14th Energy Level
86,450.00 kJ/mol   
1
Not Available   
15th Energy Level
94,170.00 kJ/mol   
2
Not Available   
16th Energy Level
102,300.00 kJ/mol   
3
Not Available   
17th Energy Level
112,700.00 kJ/mol   
4
Not Available   
18th Energy Level
121,600.00 kJ/mol   
5
Not Available   
19th Energy Level
130,700.00 kJ/mol   
6
Not Available   
20th Energy Level
143,400.00 kJ/mol   
8
Not Available   
21st Energy Level
151,440.00 kJ/mol   
8
Not Available   
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.38 g/amp-hr   
99+
Not Available   
Electron Work Function
4.30 eV   
18
Not Available   
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
23   
99+
104   
14
Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d3 4s2   
[Rn] 5f14 6d2 7s2   
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
23   
99+
104   
14
Number of Neutrons
28   
99+
157   
7
Number of Electrons
23   
99+
104   
14
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
134.00 pm   
99+
150.00 pm   
33
Covalent Radius
153.00 pm   
33
157.00 pm   
31
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm   
28
Not Available   
Atomic Weight
50.94 amu   
99+
267.00 amu   
11
Atomic Volume
8.78 cm3/mol   
99+
Not Available   
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Titanium
  
Lawrencium
  
Next Element
Chromium
  
Dubnium
  
Valence Electron Potential
120.00 (-eV)   
6
Not Available   
Lattice Constant
303.00 pm   
99+
Not Available   
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
NA   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
6.00 g/cm3   
99+
23.20 g/cm3   
8
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
5.50 g/cm3   
99+
Not Available   
Tensile Strength
800.00 MPa   
6
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.23 (Pa)   
16
Not Available   
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
47.00 GPa   
16
Not Available   
Bulk Modulus
160.00 GPa   
11
Not Available   
Young's Modulus
128.00 GPa   
15
Not Available   
Poisson Ratio
0.37   
7
Not Available   
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable   
Unknown   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
5.96   
99+
Not Available   
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Unknown   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Superconductor   
Unknown   
Resistivity
197.00 nΩ·m   
19
Not Available   
Electrical Conductivity
0.05 106/cm Ω   
35
Not Available   
Electron Affinity
50.60 kJ/mol   
20
Not Available   
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.49 J/(kg K)   
10
Not Available   
Molar Heat Capacity
24.89 J/mol·K   
99+
Not Available   
Thermal Conductivity
30.70 W/m·K   
39
Not Available   
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
8.40 µm/(m·K)   
99+
Not Available   
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
458.60 kJ/mol   
14
Not Available   
Enthalpy of Fusion
17.57 kJ/mol   
14
Not Available   
Enthalpy of Atomization
514.60 kJ/mol   
13
Not Available   
Standard Molar Entropy
28.90 J/mol.K   
99+
Not Available   
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