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Yttrium Iron Comparison

Yttrium
Iron
Iron Yttrium comparison


Periodic Table
Symbol
Y  
Fe  
Group Number
3  
15
8  
10
Period Number
5  
4  
Block
d block  
d block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440655  
25
7439896  
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc  
Im_ 3m  
Space Group Number
194.00  
7
229.00  
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Yttrium Metal is highly toxic.
  • Yttrium Metal is highly reactive in nature hence not found free in nature.
  
  • Iron is not always magnetic in nature, its allotrope are ferromagnetic and the B allotrope is nonmagnetic.
  • The blood consists Iron in hemoglobin molecules to transfer Oxygen in the body.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Johan Gadolin  
-  
Discovery
In 1794  
Before 5000 BC  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
18
0.11 %  
1
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
26
0.10 %  
1
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
21
22.00 %  
1
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
22
6.30 %  
2
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
25
0.00 %  
12
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.01 %  
6
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Yttrium metal is used in different alloys, as it increases the strength of aluminum Magnesium alloy. It is used for radar microwave filter.
  • It is also used as a catalyst in ethene polymerisation.
  
  • Iron metal alloy steel is used in the application of civil engineering and manufacturing.
  • Alloys of iron with nickel, vanadium, chromium, tungsten and manganese have very useful properties.
  
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Alloys, Sculptures, Statues  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Highly Toxic  
Non Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
26
447.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
3
In Bone
0.07 p.p.m.  
30
380.00 p.p.m.  
5
Physical
Melting Point
1,523.00 °C  
27
1,535.00 °C  
25
Boiling Point
3,337.00 °C  
22
2,750.00 °C  
39
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery White  
Gray  
Luster
-  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
4.00  
11
4.00  
11
Brinell Hardness
589.00 MPa  
26
200.00 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
590.00 MPa  
29
608.00 MPa  
27
Speed of Sound
3,300.00 m/s  
34
5,120.00 m/s  
12
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.90  
18
2.60  
4
Reflectivity
83.00 %  
6
65.00 %  
18
Allotropes
No  
Yes  
α Allotropes
-  
Ferrite (alpha Iron)  
β Allotropes
-  
beta Iron  
γ Allotropes
-  
gamma Iron  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Y  
Fe  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
19  
20
26  
13
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.22  
39
1.83  
15
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.65  
99+
2.20  
8
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.11  
30
1.64  
9
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.22  
38
1.83  
16
Allen Electronegativity
1.12  
99+
1.80  
15
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.78  
16
2.17  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
600.00 kJ/mol  
99+
762.50 kJ/mol  
17
2nd Energy Level
1,180.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,561.90 kJ/mol  
37
3rd Energy Level
1,980.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,957.00 kJ/mol  
29
4th Energy Level
5,847.00 kJ/mol  
19
5,290.00 kJ/mol  
25
5th Energy Level
7,430.00 kJ/mol  
22
7,240.00 kJ/mol  
25
6th Energy Level
8,970.00 kJ/mol  
23
9,560.00 kJ/mol  
20
7th Energy level
11,190.00 kJ/mol  
18
12,060.00 kJ/mol  
15
8th Energy Level
12,450.00 kJ/mol  
18
14,580.00 kJ/mol  
14
9th Energy Level
14,110.00 kJ/mol  
19
22,540.00 kJ/mol  
5
10th Energy Level
18,400.00 kJ/mol  
17
25,290.00 kJ/mol  
8
11th Energy Level
19,900.00 kJ/mol  
18
28,000.00 kJ/mol  
9
12th Energy Level
36,090.00 kJ/mol  
25
31,920.00 kJ/mol  
31
13th Energy Level
6,000.00 kJ/mol  
99+
34,830.00 kJ/mol  
9
14th Energy Level
6,000.00 kJ/mol  
33
37,840.00 kJ/mol  
11
15th Energy Level
60,000.00 kJ/mol  
99+
44,100.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16th Energy Level
60,000.00 kJ/mol  
34
47,206.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
600.00 kJ/mol  
99+
122,200.00 kJ/mol  
1
18th Energy Level
6,000.00 kJ/mol  
99+
131,000.00 kJ/mol  
2
19th Energy Level
600.00 kJ/mol  
99+
140,500.00 kJ/mol  
3
20th Energy Level
600.00 kJ/mol  
99+
152,600.00 kJ/mol  
5
21st Energy Level
600.00 kJ/mol  
99+
163,000.00 kJ/mol  
5
22nd Energy Level
600.00 kJ/mol  
99+
173,600.00 kJ/mol  
4
23rd Energy Level
600.00 kJ/mol  
99+
188,100.00 kJ/mol  
4
24th Energy Level
600.00 kJ/mol  
99+
195,200.00 kJ/mol  
1
25th Energy Level
600.00 kJ/mol  
99+
762.00 kJ/mol  
15
26th Energy Level
604.50 kJ/mol  
99+
762.50 kJ/mol  
15
27th Energy Level
604.50 kJ/mol  
99+
762.50 kJ/mol  
14
28th Energy Level
604.50 kJ/mol  
99+
762.50 kJ/mol  
20
29th Energy Level
604.50 kJ/mol  
99+
762.50 kJ/mol  
20
30th Energy Level
604.50 kJ/mol  
99+
762.00 kJ/mol  
15
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.11 g/amp-hr  
99+
0.69 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
3.10 eV  
99+
4.70 eV  
15
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Corrosion, Ionization, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
39  
99+
26  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d1 5s2  
[Ar] 3d6 4s2  
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Yttrium.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
39  
99+
26  
99+
Number of Neutrons
50  
99+
30  
99+
Number of Electrons
39  
99+
26  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
180.00 pm  
16
126.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
190.00 pm  
18
132.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm  
35
200.00 pm  
35
Atomic Weight
88.91 amu  
99+
55.85 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
19.80 cm3/mol  
33
7.10 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Strontium
  
Manganese
  
Next Element
Zirconium
  
Cobalt
  
Valence Electron Potential
48.00 (-eV)  
31
67.00 (-eV)  
20
Lattice Constant
364.74 pm  
34
286.65 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.57  
39
1.35  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
4.47 g/cm3  
99+
7.87 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
4.24 g/cm3  
99+
6.98 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
160.00 MPa  
22
11,000.00 MPa  
1
Viscosity
0.00  
18
0.00  
19
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
34
0.00 (Pa)  
30
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
4.27 (Pa)  
10
36.80 (Pa)  
5
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
25.60 GPa  
37
82.00 GPa  
11
Bulk Modulus
41.20 GPa  
35
170.00 GPa  
10
Young's Modulus
63.50 GPa  
34
211.00 GPa  
9
Poisson Ratio
0.24  
26
0.29  
15
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile  
Ductile, Malleable, Weldable  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
4.47  
99+
7.20  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Ferromagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
18
0.01 H/m  
1
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
200,000.00  
1
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
596.00 nΩ·m  
8
96.10 nΩ·m  
32
Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.10 106/cm Ω  
24
Electron Affinity
29.60 kJ/mol  
36
15.70 kJ/mol  
40
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.30 J/(kg K)  
18
0.44 J/(kg K)  
13
Molar Heat Capacity
26.53 J/mol·K  
35
25.10 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
17.20 W/m·K  
99+
80.40 W/m·K  
22
Critical Temperature
1,799.00 K  
31
1,811.00 K  
29
Thermal Expansion
10.60 µm/(m·K)  
99+
11.80 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
393.00 kJ/mol  
25
351.00 kJ/mol  
33
Enthalpy of Fusion
17.15 kJ/mol  
16
14.90 kJ/mol  
23
Enthalpy of Atomization
418.00 kJ/mol  
23
414.20 kJ/mol  
24
Standard Molar Entropy
44.40 J/mol.K  
99+
27.30 J/mol.K  
99+
Summary >>
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