Zinc Aluminium Comparison
Periodic Table
Symbol
Zn
Al
Group Number
12
6
13
5
Period Number
4
3
Block
d block
p block
Element Family
Transition Metal
Post-Transition
CAS Number
7440666
24
7429905
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
Fm_ 3m
Space Group Number
194.00
5
225.00
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Zinc metal found (obtain) in many forms like granules, foil, dust and in a powder form.
- The leading producers of Zinc metal are Australia, Canada, China, U.S.A and Peru.
- Aluminum’s abundance percentage is more as it is found in more than 260 minerals.
- Pure Aluminum always reacts with oxygen rapidly.
- It is a good conductor of heat and electricity and used in transmission lines.
Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
By Electrolysis Process, Earth's crust, Mining
History
Who Discovered
Indian metallurgists
Hans Christian Oersted
Discovery
Before 1000 BCE
In 1825
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
3 * 10-5 %
11
5 * 10-3 %
5
Abundance In Sun
~0.0002 %
10
~0.006 %
5
Abundance In Meteorites
0.02 %
12
0.91 %
5
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.01 %
16
8.10 %
1
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
10
0.00 %
6
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %
6
0.00 %
10
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- It is mainly used for Galvanizing other metals.
- It is also used for manufacturing die-casting and it is very essential for automobile industry.
- Aluminum is used in a various products; for example, cans, foils, kitchen utensils, window frames, beer kegs and aero plane parts, automobile parts, etc.
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Highly Toxic
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
Yes
In Blood
7.00 Blood/mg dm-3
6
0.39 Blood/mg dm-3
9
In Bone
170.00 p.p.m.
6
27.00 p.p.m.
11
Physical Properties
Melting Point
419.58 °C
99+
660.37 °C
99+
Boiling Point
907.00 °C
99+
2,467.00 °C
99+
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery Gray
Silvery Gray
Luster
Metallic
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
2.50
14
2.75
13
Brinell Hardness
327.00 MPa
32
160.00 MPa
99+
Vickers Hardness
Not Available
160.00 MPa
35
Speed of Sound
3,850.00 m/s
18
5,000.00 m/s
10
Optical Properties
Refractive Index
1.00
2
Not Available
Reflectivity
80.00 %
5
71.00 %
10
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Zn
Al
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
25
14
11
27
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.65
19
1.61
22
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.23
6
1.71
13
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.66
7
1.47
14
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.65
11
1.83
8
Allen Electronegativity
1.59
22
1.61
20
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.35
35
2.39
32
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
906.40 kJ/mol
6
577.50 kJ/mol
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,733.30 kJ/mol
27
1,816.70 kJ/mol
19
3rd Energy Level
3,833.00 kJ/mol
12
2,744.80 kJ/mol
38
4th Energy Level
5,731.00 kJ/mol
11
11,577.00 kJ/mol
3
5th Energy Level
7,970.00 kJ/mol
9
14,842.00 kJ/mol
2
6th Energy Level
10,400.00 kJ/mol
9
18,379.00 kJ/mol
2
7th Energy level
12,900.00 kJ/mol
9
23,326.00 kJ/mol
2
8th Energy Level
16,800.00 kJ/mol
6
27,465.00 kJ/mol
2
9th Energy Level
19,600.00 kJ/mol
8
31,853.00 kJ/mol
2
10th Energy Level
23,000.00 kJ/mol
10
38,473.00 kJ/mol
4
11th Energy Level
26,400.00 kJ/mol
11
42,647.00 kJ/mol
5
12th Energy Level
29,990.00 kJ/mol
11
Not Available
13th Energy Level
40,490.00 kJ/mol
5
Not Available
14th Energy Level
43,800.00 kJ/mol
6
Not Available
15th Energy Level
47,300.00 kJ/mol
8
Not Available
16th Energy Level
52,300.00 kJ/mol
9
Not Available
17th Energy Level
55,900.00 kJ/mol
10
Not Available
18th Energy Level
59,700.00 kJ/mol
11
Not Available
19th Energy Level
67,300.00 kJ/mol
10
Not Available
20th Energy Level
171,200.00 kJ/mol
1
Not Available
21st Energy Level
179,100.00 kJ/mol
1
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.22 g/amp-hr
99+
0.34 g/amp-hr
99+
Electron Work Function
4.33 eV
17
4.28 eV
19
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Chemical Stability, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
30
99+
13
99+
Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d10 4s2
[Ne] 3s2 3p1
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Zinc.jpg#100
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Aluminium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
30
99+
13
99+
Number of Neutrons
35
99+
14
99+
Number of Electrons
30
99+
13
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
134.00 pm
99+
143.00 pm
37
Covalent Radius
122.00 pm
99+
121.00 pm
99+
Van der Waals Radius
139.00 pm
99+
184.00 pm
34
Atomic Weight
65.38 amu
99+
26.98 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
9.20 cm3/mol
99+
10.00 cm3/mol
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
38.90 (-eV)
99+
80.70 (-eV)
17
Lattice Constant
266.49 pm
99+
404.95 pm
22
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
7.14 g/cm3
99+
2.70 g/cm3
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
6.57 g/cm3
37
2.38 g/cm3
99+
Tensile Strength
Not Available
40.00 MPa
19
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
0.00 (Pa)
18
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
43.00 GPa
18
26.00 GPa
29
Bulk Modulus
70.00 GPa
19
76.00 GPa
18
Young's Modulus
108.00 GPa
19
70.00 GPa
28
Poisson Ratio
0.25
24
0.35
9
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
Ductile, Malleable
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
6.90
99+
2.72
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic
Paramagnetic
Permeability
Not Available
0.00 H/m
4
Susceptibility
Not Available
0.00
3
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
Resistivity
59.00 nΩ·m
40
28.20 nΩ·m
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.17 106/cm Ω
12
0.38 106/cm Ω
4
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol
40
42.50 kJ/mol
26
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.39 J/(kg K)
14
0.90 J/(kg K)
5
Molar Heat Capacity
25.47 J/mol·K
39
24.20 J/mol·K
99+
Thermal Conductivity
116.00 W/m·K
14
237.00 W/m·K
4
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
30.20 µm/(m·K)
11
23.10 µm/(m·K)
17
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
7.32 kJ/mol
99+
293.70 kJ/mol
31
Enthalpy of Fusion
7.32 kJ/mol
99+
10.67 kJ/mol
35
Enthalpy of Atomization
129.70 kJ/mol
99+
322.20 kJ/mol
31
Standard Molar Entropy
41.60 J/mol.K
36
28.30 J/mol.K
99+
|
||
|
||
|
