Zirconium Tin Comparison
Periodic Table
Symbol
Zr
Sn
Group Number
4
14
14
4
Period Number
5
5
Block
d block
p block
Element Family
Transition Metal
Post-Transition
CAS Number
7440677
23
7440315
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
I41/amd
Space Group Number
194.00
5
141.00
7
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Zirconium metal can resist to weak acids.
- Zirconium metal reacts with oxygen and nitrogen in the atmosphere.
- In the list of most abundant element Tin is ranked 49th.
- Tin metal does not react with water as well as does not corrode in it.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Found in Minerals, Mining
History
Who Discovered
Martin Heinrich Klaproth
Unknown
Discovery
In 1789
Before 3500 BC
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
5 * 10-6 %
13
4 * 10-7 %
20
Abundance In Sun
~0.000004 %
16
~0.0000009 %
19
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
17
0.00 %
24
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.01 %
14
0.00 %
34
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
23
0.00 %
26
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %
15
0.00 %
13
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- As this metal does not absorb neutrons; It is used in nuclear power stations.
- Its oxide is used in ultra strong ceramics. It is also used in manufacturing Crucibles.
- Tin-niobium alloy is used for producing superconducting magnets.
- Tin salt known as a tin II chloride, it is used as a mordant and as a reducing agent for dyeing calico and silk.
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Food Industry
Medical Uses
NA
Dentistry
Other Uses
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes
NA
Biological Properties
Toxicity
NA
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
Yes
In Blood
0.01 Blood/mg dm-3
21
0.38 Blood/mg dm-3
10
In Bone
0.10 p.p.m.
23
1.40 p.p.m.
16
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,852.00 °C
15
231.90 °C
99+
Boiling Point
4,377.00 °C
11
2,270.00 °C
99+
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Silvery White
Luster
Lustrous
NA
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
5.00
8
1.50
18
Brinell Hardness
638.00 MPa
19
50.00 MPa
99+
Vickers Hardness
820.00 MPa
15
Not Available
Speed of Sound
3,800.00 m/s
20
2,730.00 m/s
32
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
Yes
α Allotropes
Not Available
Grey Tin (alpha Tin, Tin Pest)
β Allotropes
Not Available
White Tin (Beta Tin)
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Rhombic Tin (gamma Tin)
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Zr
Sn
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
24
15
35
4
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.33
30
1.96
8
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.90
25
1.49
15
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.22
26
1.72
4
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
2.21
3
Allen Electronegativity
1.32
34
1.82
11
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.67
24
2.04
99+
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
640.10 kJ/mol
99+
708.60 kJ/mol
33
2nd Energy Level
1,270.00 kJ/mol
99+
1,411.80 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,218.00 kJ/mol
99+
2,943.00 kJ/mol
30
4th Energy Level
3,313.00 kJ/mol
99+
3,930.30 kJ/mol
99+
5th Energy Level
7,752.00 kJ/mol
10
7,456.00 kJ/mol
13
6th Energy Level
9,500.00 kJ/mol
15
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.85 g/amp-hr
99+
1.11 g/amp-hr
99+
Electron Work Function
4.05 eV
26
4.42 eV
16
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Ionization, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
40
99+
50
99+
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d2 5s2
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Tetragonal (TETR)
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Zirconium.jpg#100
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Tin.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
40
99+
50
99+
Number of Neutrons
51
99+
69
99+
Number of Electrons
40
99+
50
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
160.00 pm
27
140.00 pm
38
Covalent Radius
175.00 pm
23
139.00 pm
99+
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm
28
217.00 pm
23
Atomic Weight
91.22 amu
99+
118.71 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
14.10 cm3/mol
36
16.30 cm3/mol
32
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
80.00 (-eV)
18
83.50 (-eV)
14
Lattice Constant
323.20 pm
99+
583.18 pm
7
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.59
8
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
6.52 g/cm3
99+
7.37 g/cm3
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
5.80 g/cm3
99+
6.99 g/cm3
34
Tensile Strength
330.00 MPa
12
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
0.00 (Pa)
17
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)
21
Not Available
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
33.00 GPa
20
18.00 GPa
36
Bulk Modulus
91.10 GPa
17
58.00 GPa
20
Young's Modulus
88.00 GPa
22
50.00 GPa
36
Poisson Ratio
0.34
10
0.36
8
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
Ductile, Malleable
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
6.51
99+
7.31
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Diamagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Superconductor
Resistivity
421.00 nΩ·m
11
115.00 nΩ·m
28
Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω
99+
0.09 106/cm Ω
23
Electron Affinity
41.10 kJ/mol
27
107.30 kJ/mol
8
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.27 J/(kg K)
19
0.23 J/(kg K)
28
Molar Heat Capacity
25.36 J/mol·K
99+
27.11 J/mol·K
20
Thermal Conductivity
22.60 W/m·K
99+
66.80 W/m·K
25
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
5.70 µm/(m·K)
99+
22.00 µm/(m·K)
20
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
581.60 kJ/mol
9
290.40 kJ/mol
32
Enthalpy of Fusion
20.90 kJ/mol
11
7.03 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
598.00 kJ/mol
10
301.30 kJ/mol
35
Standard Molar Entropy
39.00 J/mol.K
39
51.20 J/mol.K
29
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