Zirconium vs Radium
Periodic Table
Symbol
Zr
Ra
Group Number
4
14
2
16
Period Number
5
7
Block
d block
s block
Element Family
Transition Metal
Alkaline Earth
CAS Number
7440677
23
7440144
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
Im_ 3m
Space Group Number
194.00
5
229.00
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Zirconium metal can resist to weak acids.
- Zirconium metal reacts with oxygen and nitrogen in the atmosphere.
- Radium metal is the heaviest metal of Alkaline earth metals column.
- Radium metal is highly radioactive and does not have any stable isotopes.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Mining, Ores of metals
History
Who Discovered
Martin Heinrich Klaproth
Not Available
Discovery
In 1789
In 1898
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
5 * 10-6 %
13
Not Available
Abundance In Sun
~0.000004 %
16
~-9999 %
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
17
Not Available
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.01 %
14
0.00 %
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
23
0.00 %
99+
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %
15
0.00 %
20
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- As this metal does not absorb neutrons; It is used in nuclear power stations.
- Its oxide is used in ultra strong ceramics. It is also used in manufacturing Crucibles.
- It is a highly radioactive metal; and sometime Radium-223 is used to treat prostate cancer.
- It is used in luminous paints.
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry
NA
Medical Uses
NA
Pharmaceutical Industry
Other Uses
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes
NA
Biological Properties
Toxicity
NA
Highly Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
No
In Blood
0.01 Blood/mg dm-3
21
Not Available
In Bone
0.10 p.p.m.
23
Not Available
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,852.00 °C
15
700.00 °C
99+
Boiling Point
4,377.00 °C
11
1,737.00 °C
99+
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Silvery White
Luster
Lustrous
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
5.00
8
Not Available
Brinell Hardness
638.00 MPa
19
Not Available
Vickers Hardness
820.00 MPa
15
Not Available
Speed of Sound
3,800.00 m/s
20
Not Available
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Zr
Ra
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
24
15
33
6
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.33
30
0.90
99+
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.90
25
Not Available
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.22
26
0.97
38
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
0.92
20
Allen Electronegativity
1.32
34
0.89
99+
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.67
24
3.10
5
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
640.10 kJ/mol
99+
509.30 kJ/mol
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,270.00 kJ/mol
99+
979.00 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,218.00 kJ/mol
99+
Not Available
4th Energy Level
3,313.00 kJ/mol
99+
Not Available
5th Energy Level
7,752.00 kJ/mol
10
Not Available
6th Energy Level
9,500.00 kJ/mol
15
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.85 g/amp-hr
99+
4.22 g/amp-hr
6
Electron Work Function
4.05 eV
26
Not Available
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
40
99+
88
30
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d2 5s2
[Rn] 7s2
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Zirconium.jpg#100
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
40
99+
88
30
Number of Neutrons
51
99+
138
16
Number of Electrons
40
99+
88
30
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
160.00 pm
27
Not Available
Covalent Radius
175.00 pm
23
221.00 pm
3
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm
28
283.00 pm
4
Atomic Weight
91.22 amu
99+
226.00 amu
26
Atomic Volume
14.10 cm3/mol
36
45.20 cm3/mol
4
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
80.00 (-eV)
18
20.10 (-eV)
99+
Lattice Constant
323.20 pm
99+
514.80 pm
13
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.59
8
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
6.52 g/cm3
99+
5.50 g/cm3
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
5.80 g/cm3
99+
Not Available
Tensile Strength
330.00 MPa
12
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)
21
Not Available
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
33.00 GPa
20
Not Available
Bulk Modulus
91.10 GPa
17
Not Available
Young's Modulus
88.00 GPa
22
Not Available
Poisson Ratio
0.34
10
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
NA
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
6.51
99+
5.00
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Nonmagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
NA
Resistivity
421.00 nΩ·m
11
100.00 nΩ·m
31
Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω
99+
Not Available
Electron Affinity
41.10 kJ/mol
27
Not Available
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.27 J/(kg K)
19
0.12 J/(kg K)
40
Molar Heat Capacity
25.36 J/mol·K
99+
Not Available
Thermal Conductivity
22.60 W/m·K
99+
18.60 W/m·K
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
5.70 µm/(m·K)
99+
Not Available
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
581.60 kJ/mol
9
Not Available
Enthalpy of Fusion
20.90 kJ/mol
11
Not Available
Enthalpy of Atomization
598.00 kJ/mol
10
163.00 kJ/mol
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
39.00 J/mol.K
39
71.00 J/mol.K
14
|
||
|
||
|
