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Radium vs Zirconium

Radium
Zirconium
Zirconium vs Radium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Ra   
Zr   
Group Number
2   
16
4   
14
Period Number
7   
5   
Block
s block   
d block   
Element Family
Alkaline Earth   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7440144   
99+
7440677   
23
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m   
P63/mmc   
Space Group Number
229.00   
1
194.00   
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Radium metal is the heaviest metal of Alkaline earth metals column.
  • Radium metal is highly radioactive and does not have any stable isotopes.
  
  • Zirconium metal can resist to weak acids.
  • Zirconium metal reacts with oxygen and nitrogen in the atmosphere.
  
Sources
Mining, Ores of metals   
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Not Available   
Martin Heinrich Klaproth   
Discovery
In 1898   
In 1789   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
Not Available   
5 * 10-6 %   
13
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %   
~0.000004 %   
16
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available   
0.00 %   
17
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
99+
0.01 %   
14
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
99+
0.00 %   
23
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %   
20
0.00 %   
15
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • It is a highly radioactive metal; and sometime Radium-223 is used to treat prostate cancer.
  • It is used in luminous paints.
  
  • As this metal does not absorb neutrons; It is used in nuclear power stations.
  • Its oxide is used in ultra strong ceramics. It is also used in manufacturing Crucibles.
  
Industrial Uses
NA   
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry   
Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry   
NA   
Other Uses
NA   
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Highly Toxic   
NA   
Present in Human Body
No   
Yes   
In Blood
Not Available   
0.01 Blood/mg dm-3   
21
In Bone
Not Available   
0.10 p.p.m.   
23
Physical Properties
Melting Point
700.00 °C   
99+
1,852.00 °C   
15
Boiling Point
1,737.00 °C   
99+
4,377.00 °C   
11
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery White   
Silvery White   
Luster
Metallic   
Lustrous   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available   
5.00   
8
Brinell Hardness
Not Available   
638.00 MPa   
19
Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
820.00 MPa   
15
Speed of Sound
Not Available   
3,800.00 m/s   
20
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Ra   
Zr   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
33   
6
24   
15
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
0.90   
99+
1.33   
30
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
0.90   
25
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.97   
38
1.22   
26
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.92   
20
Not Available   
Allen Electronegativity
0.89   
99+
1.32   
34
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
3.10   
5
2.67   
24
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
509.30 kJ/mol   
99+
640.10 kJ/mol   
99+
2nd Energy Level
979.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,270.00 kJ/mol   
99+
3rd Energy Level
Not Available   
2,218.00 kJ/mol   
99+
4th Energy Level
Not Available   
3,313.00 kJ/mol   
99+
5th Energy Level
Not Available   
7,752.00 kJ/mol   
10
6th Energy Level
Not Available   
9,500.00 kJ/mol   
15
Electrochemical Equivalent
4.22 g/amp-hr   
6
0.85 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
Not Available   
4.05 eV   
26
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity   
Anti Corrosion, Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
88   
30
40   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 7s2   
[Kr] 4d2 5s2   
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Zirconium.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
88   
30
40   
99+
Number of Neutrons
138   
16
51   
99+
Number of Electrons
88   
30
40   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
Not Available   
160.00 pm   
27
Covalent Radius
221.00 pm   
3
175.00 pm   
23
Van der Waals Radius
283.00 pm   
4
200.00 pm   
28
Atomic Weight
226.00 amu   
26
91.22 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
45.20 cm3/mol   
4
14.10 cm3/mol   
36
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Francium
  
Yttrium
  
Next Element
Actinium
  
Niobium
  
Valence Electron Potential
20.10 (-eV)   
99+
80.00 (-eV)   
18
Lattice Constant
514.80 pm   
13
323.20 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
1.59   
8
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
5.50 g/cm3   
99+
6.52 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available   
5.80 g/cm3   
99+
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
330.00 MPa   
12
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
0.00 (Pa)   
21
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
Not Available   
33.00 GPa   
20
Bulk Modulus
Not Available   
91.10 GPa   
17
Young's Modulus
Not Available   
88.00 GPa   
22
Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
0.34   
10
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
Ductile, Malleable   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
5.00   
99+
6.51   
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Nonmagnetic   
Paramagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
NA   
Conductor   
Resistivity
100.00 nΩ·m   
31
421.00 nΩ·m   
11
Electrical Conductivity
Not Available   
0.02 106/cm Ω   
99+
Electron Affinity
Not Available   
41.10 kJ/mol   
27
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)   
40
0.27 J/(kg K)   
19
Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available   
25.36 J/mol·K   
99+
Thermal Conductivity
18.60 W/m·K   
99+
22.60 W/m·K   
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
Not Available   
5.70 µm/(m·K)   
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available   
581.60 kJ/mol   
9
Enthalpy of Fusion
Not Available   
20.90 kJ/mol   
11
Enthalpy of Atomization
163.00 kJ/mol   
99+
598.00 kJ/mol   
10
Standard Molar Entropy
71.00 J/mol.K   
14
39.00 J/mol.K   
39
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