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Chemical Properties of Gallium and Hafnium

Gallium
Hafnium
Chemical Properties of Hafnium and Gallium


Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Ga   
Hf   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
24   
15
32   
7
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.81   
15
1.30   
32
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.42   
2
Not Available   
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.82   
1
1.23   
25
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.01   
5
Not Available   
Allen Electronegativity
1.76   
14
1.16   
37
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.19   
39
2.70   
22
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
578.80 kJ/mol   
99+
658.50 kJ/mol   
40
2nd Energy Level
1,979.30 kJ/mol   
13
1,440.00 kJ/mol   
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,963.00 kJ/mol   
28
2,250.00 kJ/mol   
99+
4th Energy Level
6,180.00 kJ/mol   
8
3,216.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.87 g/amp-hr   
99+
1.66 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
4.20 eV   
23
3.90 eV   
27
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes   
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
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