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Copper Bismuth Comparison

Copper
Bismuth
Bismuth Copper comparison


Periodic Table
Symbol
Cu  
Bi  
Group Number
11  
7
15  
3
Period Number
4  
6  
Block
d block  
p block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Post-​Transition  
CAS Number
7440508  
37
7440699  
22
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m  
C12/m1  
Space Group Number
225.00  
3
12.00  
15
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Copper rarely found in its pure form in nature.
  • Copper Sulfate is mostly used in agricultural poison and as an algicide in water purification system.
  
  • Bismuth metal is soluble and reacts with concentrated nitric acid.
  • It oxides are used as a yellow pigment in paint. Bismuth chloride oxide BiClO gives a pearly texture to cosmetics.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals  
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
-  
Claude François Geoffroy  
Discovery
In Middle East (9000 BCE)  
In 1753  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
13
0.00 %  
26
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
12
0.00 %  
14
Abundance In Meteorites
0.01 %  
13
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.01 %  
17
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
8
0.00 %  
24
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
10
0.00 %  
24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • It is use for coinage and bullion.
  • Most of copper element is used in manufacturing electrical and electronic equipments such as wirings and components. It is also used in construction and industrial machine.
  
  • Tin and bismuth alloys have a very low melting point and hence it is used in fire detector and the fire extinguishers. It also used in electric solders and fuses.
  
Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
Pharmaceutical Industry  
Other Uses
Alloys, Coinage, Jewellery  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic  
Low Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
Yes  
In Blood
1.01 Blood/mg dm-3  
8
0.02 Blood/mg dm-3  
20
In Bone
26.00 p.p.m.  
12
0.20 p.p.m.  
27
Physical
Melting Point
1,084.62 °C  
40
271.30 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
2,562.00 °C  
99+
1,560.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Copper  
Silver  
Luster
-  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
3.00  
13
2.25  
16
Brinell Hardness
235.00 MPa  
99+
70.00 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
343.00 MPa  
99+
30.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
3,810.00 m/s  
26
1,790.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.10  
99+
2.50  
5
Reflectivity
90.00 %  
4
70.00 %  
13
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Cu  
Bi  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
29  
10
33  
6
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.90  
12
2.02  
7
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.98  
11
2.34  
3
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.75  
4
1.67  
7
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.49  
27
2.15  
8
Allen Electronegativity
1.85  
12
2.01  
5
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.10  
99+
1.98  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
745.50 kJ/mol  
22
703.00 kJ/mol  
35
2nd Energy Level
1,957.90 kJ/mol  
15
1,610.00 kJ/mol  
34
3rd Energy Level
3,555.00 kJ/mol  
15
2,466.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
5,536.00 kJ/mol  
21
4,370.00 kJ/mol  
38
5th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
17
5,400.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
9,900.00 kJ/mol  
16
8,520.00 kJ/mol  
29
7th Energy level
13,400.00 kJ/mol  
7
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
16,000.00 kJ/mol  
9
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
37
9th Energy Level
19,200.00 kJ/mol  
9
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
34
10th Energy Level
22,400.00 kJ/mol  
11
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
38
11th Energy Level
25,600.00 kJ/mol  
13
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
36
12th Energy Level
35,600.00 kJ/mol  
27
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
38,700.00 kJ/mol  
6
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
32
14th Energy Level
42,000.00 kJ/mol  
7
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
22
15th Energy Level
46,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
70,300.00 kJ/mol  
28
16th Energy Level
50,200.00 kJ/mol  
99+
70,300.00 kJ/mol  
23
17th Energy Level
53,700.00 kJ/mol  
12
703.00 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
61,100.00 kJ/mol  
10
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
34
19th Energy Level
64,702.00 kJ/mol  
11
703.00 kJ/mol  
40
20th Energy Level
163,700.00 kJ/mol  
2
703.00 kJ/mol  
34
21st Energy Level
174,100.00 kJ/mol  
2
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
12
22nd Energy Level
184,900.00 kJ/mol  
1
703.00 kJ/mol  
28
23rd Energy Level
198,800.00 kJ/mol  
1
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
10
24th Energy Level
745.50 kJ/mol  
19
703.00 kJ/mol  
27
25th Energy Level
745.50 kJ/mol  
19
703.00 kJ/mol  
29
26th Energy Level
745.50 kJ/mol  
19
703.00 kJ/mol  
28
27th Energy Level
745.50 kJ/mol  
18
703.00 kJ/mol  
29
28th Energy Level
745.50 kJ/mol  
24
703.00 kJ/mol  
34
29th Energy Level
745.50 kJ/mol  
25
703.00 kJ/mol  
35
30th Energy Level
745.50 kJ/mol  
19
703.00 kJ/mol  
29
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.19 g/amp-hr  
99+
2.60 g/amp-hr  
23
Electron Work Function
4.65 eV  
16
4.22 eV  
29
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Ionization, Solubility  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
29  
99+
83  
33
Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d10 4s1  
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3  
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Rhombohedral (RHO)  
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Copper.jpg#100  
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Bismuth.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
29  
99+
83  
33
Number of Neutrons
35  
99+
126  
19
Number of Electrons
29  
99+
83  
33
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
128.00 pm  
99+
156.00 pm  
31
Covalent Radius
132.00 pm  
99+
148.00 pm  
38
Van der Waals Radius
140.00 pm  
99+
207.00 pm  
33
Atomic Weight
63.55 amu  
99+
208.98 amu  
29
Atomic Volume
7.10 cm3/mol  
99+
21.30 cm3/mol  
23
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Nickel
  
Lead
  
Next Element
Zinc
  
Polonium
  
Valence Electron Potential
34.00 (-eV)  
99+
41.90 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
361.49 pm  
39
667.40 pm  
2
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
-  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.28  
99+
1.86  
4
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
8.96 g/cm3  
99+
9.78 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
8.02 g/cm3  
99+
10.05 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
210.00 MPa  
19
32.00 MPa  
99+
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
29
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
1.53 (Pa)  
8
0.00 (Pa)  
22
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
30
0.00 (Pa)  
24
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
48.00 GPa  
15
12.00 GPa  
99+
Bulk Modulus
140.00 GPa  
12
31.00 GPa  
99+
Young's Modulus
120.00 GPa  
19
32.00 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.34  
10
0.33  
11
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
8.89  
99+
9.79  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic  
Diamagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
19
0.00 H/m  
20
Susceptibility
0.00  
31
0.00  
36
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Semiconductor  
Resistivity
16.78 nΩ·m  
99+
1.29 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.60 106/cm Ω  
2
0.01 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
222.80 kJ/mol  
1
91.20 kJ/mol  
13
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.38 J/(kg K)  
15
0.12 J/(kg K)  
99+
Molar Heat Capacity
24.44 J/mol·K  
99+
25.52 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
401.00 W/m·K  
2
7.97 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
1,358.00 K  
99+
544.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
16.50 µm/(m·K)  
27
13.40 µm/(m·K)  
34
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
283.70 kJ/mol  
99+
151.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
7.11 kJ/mol  
99+
10.90 kJ/mol  
39
Enthalpy of Atomization
338.90 kJ/mol  
39
207.10 kJ/mol  
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
33.20 J/mol.K  
99+
56.70 J/mol.K  
32
Summary >>
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