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Copper vs Samarium

Copper
Samarium
Samarium vs Copper


Periodic Table
Symbol
Cu  
Sm  
Group Number
11  
7
3  
15
Period Number
4  
6  
Block
d block  
f block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Lanthanide  
CAS Number
7440508  
37
7440199  
99+
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m  
R_ 3m  
Space Group Number
225.00  
3
166.00  
9
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Copper rarely found in its pure form in nature.
  • Copper Sulfate is mostly used in agricultural poison and as an algicide in water purification system.
  
  • Samarium metals helps stimulating body metabolism.
  • Samarium metals was 1st observed by Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac in Dydimia in 1853.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals  
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
-  
Lecoq de Boisbaudran  
Discovery
In Middle East (9000 BCE)  
In 1879  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
13
0.00 %  
20
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
12
0.00 %  
26
Abundance In Meteorites
0.01 %  
13
0.00 %  
37
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.01 %  
17
0.00 %  
29
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
8
0.00 %  
40
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
10
0.00 %  
24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • It is use for coinage and bullion.
  • Most of copper element is used in manufacturing electrical and electronic equipments such as wirings and components. It is also used in construction and industrial machine.
  
  • Magnets of Samarium cobalt alloy are stronger than that of Iron and hence, they are used in microwave application.
  • Samarium metal also used in optical lasers and infrared absorbing glasses and as a neutron absorber.
  
Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys, Coinage, Jewellery  
Alloys, In Nuclear Reactors  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic  
Slightly Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
Yes  
In Blood
1.01 Blood/mg dm-3  
8
0.01 Blood/mg dm-3  
22
In Bone
26.00 p.p.m.  
12
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
1,084.62 °C  
40
1,072.00 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
2,562.00 °C  
99+
1,900.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Copper  
Silvery White  
Luster
-  
Lustrous  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
3.00  
13
5.50  
7
Brinell Hardness
235.00 MPa  
99+
441.00 MPa  
32
Vickers Hardness
343.00 MPa  
99+
412.00 MPa  
40
Speed of Sound
3,810.00 m/s  
26
2,130.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.10  
99+
1.80  
22
Reflectivity
90.00 %  
4
65.00 %  
18
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Cu  
Sm  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
29  
10
30  
9
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.90  
12
1.17  
99+
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.98  
11
1.17  
33
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.75  
4
1.07  
33
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.49  
27
1.17  
40
Allen Electronegativity
1.85  
12
1.17  
99+
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.10  
99+
2.83  
14
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
745.50 kJ/mol  
22
544.50 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,957.90 kJ/mol  
15
1,070.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
3,555.00 kJ/mol  
15
2,260.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
5,536.00 kJ/mol  
21
3,990.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
17
5,445.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
9,900.00 kJ/mol  
16
5,445.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
13,400.00 kJ/mol  
7
5,445.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
16,000.00 kJ/mol  
9
5,400.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
19,200.00 kJ/mol  
9
5,440.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10th Energy Level
22,400.00 kJ/mol  
11
5,445.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11th Energy Level
25,600.00 kJ/mol  
13
5,445.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
35,600.00 kJ/mol  
27
5,440.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
38,700.00 kJ/mol  
6
5,445.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14th Energy Level
42,000.00 kJ/mol  
7
5,450.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
46,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
54,450.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16th Energy Level
50,200.00 kJ/mol  
99+
54,400.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
53,700.00 kJ/mol  
12
544.50 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
61,100.00 kJ/mol  
10
5,445.00 kJ/mol  
99+
19th Energy Level
64,702.00 kJ/mol  
11
544.50 kJ/mol  
99+
20th Energy Level
163,700.00 kJ/mol  
2
624.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21st Energy Level
174,100.00 kJ/mol  
2
544.50 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
184,900.00 kJ/mol  
1
624.00 kJ/mol  
37
23rd Energy Level
198,800.00 kJ/mol  
1
544.50 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
745.50 kJ/mol  
19
544.50 kJ/mol  
99+
25th Energy Level
745.50 kJ/mol  
19
544.00 kJ/mol  
99+
26th Energy Level
745.50 kJ/mol  
19
544.50 kJ/mol  
99+
27th Energy Level
745.50 kJ/mol  
18
544.50 kJ/mol  
99+
28th Energy Level
745.50 kJ/mol  
24
544.50 kJ/mol  
99+
29th Energy Level
745.50 kJ/mol  
25
544.50 kJ/mol  
99+
30th Energy Level
745.50 kJ/mol  
19
544.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.19 g/amp-hr  
99+
1.87 g/amp-hr  
38
Electron Work Function
4.65 eV  
16
2.70 eV  
99+
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Ionization, Solubility  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Atomic
Atomic Number
29  
99+
62  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d10 4s1  
[Xe] 4f6 6s2  
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Rhombohedral (RHO)  
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Copper.jpg#100  
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Samarium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
29  
99+
62  
99+
Number of Neutrons
35  
99+
88  
40
Number of Electrons
29  
99+
62  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
128.00 pm  
99+
180.00 pm  
16
Covalent Radius
132.00 pm  
99+
198.00 pm  
13
Van der Waals Radius
140.00 pm  
99+
229.00 pm  
25
Atomic Weight
63.55 amu  
99+
150.36 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
7.10 cm3/mol  
99+
19.95 cm3/mol  
31
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Nickel
  
Promethium
  
Next Element
Zinc
  
Europium
  
Valence Electron Potential
34.00 (-eV)  
99+
44.80 (-eV)  
38
Lattice Constant
361.49 pm  
39
362.10 pm  
37
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.28  
99+
1.62  
15
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
8.96 g/cm3  
99+
7.52 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
8.02 g/cm3  
99+
7.16 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
210.00 MPa  
19
50.00 MPa  
38
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
1.53 (Pa)  
8
0.94 (Pa)  
9
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
30
0.00 (Pa)  
29
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
48.00 GPa  
15
19.50 GPa  
99+
Bulk Modulus
140.00 GPa  
12
37.80 GPa  
99+
Young's Modulus
120.00 GPa  
19
49.70 GPa  
40
Poisson Ratio
0.34  
10
0.27  
19
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
8.89  
99+
7.52  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
19
0.00 H/m  
9
Susceptibility
0.00  
31
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
16.78 nΩ·m  
99+
0.94 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.60 106/cm Ω  
2
0.01 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
222.80 kJ/mol  
1
50.00 kJ/mol  
26
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.38 J/(kg K)  
15
0.20 J/(kg K)  
32
Molar Heat Capacity
24.44 J/mol·K  
99+
29.54 J/mol·K  
9
Thermal Conductivity
401.00 W/m·K  
2
13.30 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
1,358.00 K  
99+
1,345.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
16.50 µm/(m·K)  
27
12.70 µm/(m·K)  
39
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
283.70 kJ/mol  
99+
166.40 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
7.11 kJ/mol  
99+
8.62 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
338.90 kJ/mol  
39
209.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
33.20 J/mol.K  
99+
69.60 J/mol.K  
15
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