Group Number
Not Available
Element Family
Lanthanide
Post-Transition
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
Cmca
Interesting Facts
- Erbium metal is used as alloyed with Vanadium to make it softer.
- Recent studies shows that it is helpful for metabolism.
- A gram of Gallium metal can be bought for only three dollars.
- Gallium metal found in ores of following things Coal, Bauxite, Diaspore, Sphalerite, Germanite and Zinc.
Sources
Mining
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Who Discovered
Carl Gustaf Mosander
Lecoq de Boisbaudran
Discovery
In 1842
In 1875
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Uses & Benefits
- It has a tendency to get tarnished in the open air, but when alloyed with elements like erbium, vanadium, its hardness levels decreases.
- Its compounds like Erbium oxide is used in safety glasses of welders and metal workers.
- Gallium arsenide is a very important component of many semiconductors and led manufacturing.
- Gallium nitride is also know as a semiconductor and it is used in Blu-ray technology, mobile smartphones and LED.
Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
NA
Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
Toxicity
Mildly Toxic
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
Yes
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Silvery White
Mohs Hardness
Not Available
Vickers Hardness
Not Available
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Pauling Electronegativity
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available
Pauling Electropositivity
Electrochemical Equivalent
Electron Work Function
Not Available
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f12 6s2
[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p1
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Orthorhombic (ORTH)
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Erbium.jpg#100
ORTH-Crystal-Structure-of-Gallium.jpg#100
Van der Waals Radius
Not Available
Valence Electron Potential
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Density At Room Temperature
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Shear Modulus
Not Available
Bulk Modulus
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
Malleable
NA
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Diamagnetic
Electrical Property
Conductor
Semiconductor
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available