Home
 Compare Metals

Gold vs Lead

Gold
Lead
Lead vs Gold


Periodic Table
Symbol
Au  
Pb  
Group Number
11  
7
14  
4
Period Number
6  
6  
Block
d block  
p block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Post-​Transition  
CAS Number
7440575  
31
7439921  
99+
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m  
Fm_ 3m  
Space Group Number
225.00  
3
225.00  
3
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • It is found in copper ores and from the crust of the earth.
  • It is the most malleable and ductile metal.
  • Gold alloys are used in Dentistry as fillings, crowning, clips, etc. It is also used as an artificial limb joints.
  
  • Galena mineral contains almost 87% of Lead metal in it, Galena is sulfide mineral.
  • The best available source of Lead metal today is by recycling automobile batteries.
  
Sources
Earth's crust, Mining, Ores of metals  
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
-  
-  
Discovery
Before 6000 BCE  
In Middle Easterns (7000 BCE)  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
27
0.00 %  
17
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
26
0.00 %  
18
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
23
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
26
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
21
0.00 %  
22
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
21
0.00 %  
9
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Gold metal is mainly used for Jewelry, bullion, coinage, etc.
  • It is used in the art, decoration, ornaments, etc. It is also used for electroplating process.
  
  • It is also used in insecticides, hair dyes and as an anti-knocking additive for petrol. But all these are banned by the government as Lead metal is known for detrimental to health.
  
Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry, Clothing Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry  
Surgical Instruments Manufacturing  
Other Uses
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic  
Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
38
0.21 Blood/mg dm-3  
11
In Bone
0.02 p.p.m.  
35
30.00 p.p.m.  
10
Physical
Melting Point
1,064.43 °C  
99+
327.50 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
2,807.00 °C  
37
1,740.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Gold  
Gray  
Luster
Metallic  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
2.50  
15
1.50  
19
Brinell Hardness
194.00 MPa  
99+
38.00 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
216.00 MPa  
99+
38.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
2,030.00 m/s  
99+
1,190.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
0.47  
99+
2.02  
14
Reflectivity
95.00 %  
2
5.00 %  
39
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Au  
Pb  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
36  
3
35  
4
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.54  
2
1.87  
14
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.50  
18
2.29  
4
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.42  
19
1.55  
12
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.87  
15
2.41  
2
Allen Electronegativity
1.92  
7
1.85  
11
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.46  
99+
1.67  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
890.10 kJ/mol  
8
715.60 kJ/mol  
31
2nd Energy Level
1,980.00 kJ/mol  
12
1,450.50 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,856.00 kJ/mol  
33
3,081.50 kJ/mol  
23
4th Energy Level
890.10 kJ/mol  
99+
4,083.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
8,901.00 kJ/mol  
6
6,640.00 kJ/mol  
32
6th Energy Level
8,901.00 kJ/mol  
24
7,150.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
8,901.00 kJ/mol  
21
7,156.00 kJ/mol  
36
8th Energy Level
8,900.00 kJ/mol  
20
7,150.00 kJ/mol  
32
9th Energy Level
8,901.00 kJ/mol  
20
7,156.00 kJ/mol  
30
10th Energy Level
8,901.00 kJ/mol  
21
7,156.00 kJ/mol  
34
11th Energy Level
8,901.00 kJ/mol  
19
7,156.00 kJ/mol  
33
12th Energy Level
8,900.00 kJ/mol  
39
7,150.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
8,900.00 kJ/mol  
14
7,150.00 kJ/mol  
28
14th Energy Level
890.10 kJ/mol  
99+
715.60 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
89,000.00 kJ/mol  
7
71,500.00 kJ/mol  
24
16th Energy Level
890.10 kJ/mol  
99+
71,500.00 kJ/mol  
19
17th Energy Level
890.10 kJ/mol  
25
715.60 kJ/mol  
40
18th Energy Level
8,901.00 kJ/mol  
14
7,150.00 kJ/mol  
30
19th Energy Level
890.10 kJ/mol  
23
715.60 kJ/mol  
37
20th Energy Level
890.00 kJ/mol  
13
715.00 kJ/mol  
31
21st Energy Level
890.10 kJ/mol  
35
715.60 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
890.00 kJ/mol  
11
715.00 kJ/mol  
25
23rd Energy Level
890.10 kJ/mol  
38
715.60 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
890.10 kJ/mol  
6
715.60 kJ/mol  
24
25th Energy Level
890.00 kJ/mol  
5
715.00 kJ/mol  
25
26th Energy Level
890.10 kJ/mol  
5
715.60 kJ/mol  
24
27th Energy Level
890.10 kJ/mol  
4
715.60 kJ/mol  
23
28th Energy Level
890.10 kJ/mol  
7
715.60 kJ/mol  
29
29th Energy Level
890.10 kJ/mol  
8
715.60 kJ/mol  
30
30th Energy Level
890.10 kJ/mol  
5
715.00 kJ/mol  
24
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.45 g/amp-hr  
25
3.87 g/amp-hr  
9
Electron Work Function
5.10 eV  
8
4.25 eV  
28
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility  
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Atomic
Atomic Number
79  
37
82  
34
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s1  
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p2  
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Gold.jpg#100  
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Lead.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
79  
37
82  
34
Number of Neutrons
118  
24
125  
20
Number of Electrons
79  
37
82  
34
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
151.00 pm  
34
175.00 pm  
21
Covalent Radius
144.00 pm  
99+
146.00 pm  
40
Van der Waals Radius
166.00 pm  
99+
202.00 pm  
34
Atomic Weight
196.97 amu  
33
207.20 amu  
30
Atomic Volume
10.20 cm3/mol  
99+
18.17 cm3/mol  
39
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Platinum
  
Thallium
  
Next Element
Mercury
  
Bismuth
  
Valence Electron Potential
43.40 (-eV)  
99+
24.20 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
407.82 pm  
24
495.08 pm  
18
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.61  
18
1.51  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
19.30 g/cm3  
15
11.34 g/cm3  
35
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
17.31 g/cm3  
16
10.66 g/cm3  
36
Tensile Strength
120.00 MPa  
27
12.00 MPa  
99+
Viscosity
0.00  
23
0.00  
29
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
25
1.64 (Pa)  
7
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
67.00 (Pa)  
4
0.00 (Pa)  
30
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
27.00 GPa  
34
5.60 GPa  
99+
Bulk Modulus
180.00 GPa  
9
46.00 GPa  
28
Young's Modulus
79.00 GPa  
26
16.00 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.40  
4
0.44  
3
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
Ductile, Malleable  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
19.32  
17
11.35  
38
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic  
Diamagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
10
0.00 H/m  
12
Susceptibility
0.00  
22
0.00  
30
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Poor Conductor  
Resistivity
2.20 nΩ·m  
99+
208.00 nΩ·m  
16
Electrical Conductivity
0.45 106/cm Ω  
3
0.05 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
222.80 kJ/mol  
1
35.10 kJ/mol  
33
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
Molar Heat Capacity
25.42 J/mol·K  
99+
26.65 J/mol·K  
34
Thermal Conductivity
318.00 W/m·K  
3
35.30 W/m·K  
39
Critical Temperature
1,337.00 K  
99+
600.61 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
14.20 µm/(m·K)  
29
28.90 µm/(m·K)  
13
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
324.40 kJ/mol  
99+
179.40 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
12.55 kJ/mol  
33
4.77 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
364.00 kJ/mol  
34
194.60 kJ/mol  
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
47.40 J/mol.K  
99+
64.80 J/mol.K  
18
Periodic Table >>
<< All

Compare Transition Metals

Transition Metals

Transition Metals

» More Transition Metals

Compare Transition Metals

» More Compare Transition Metals
Home | About | Contact | Disclaimer | Terms of use
© A softusvista inc. venture!