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Iridium vs Mercury

Iridium
Mercury
Mercury vs Iridium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Ir   
Hg   
Group Number
9   
9
12   
6
Period Number
6   
6   
Block
d block   
d block   
Element Family
Transition Metal   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7439885   
99+
7439976   
99+
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m   
R_ 3m   
Space Group Number
225.00   
2
166.00   
6
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Iridium element occurs as natural alloys of Platinum and Osmium.
  • Iridium element is known as the most corrosion resistance metal .
  
  • At room temperature mercury is found in a liquid state.
  • A coin of pound or rupees floats in mercury.
  • Because of its low melting point and boiling point it is used in thermometers.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
Mining, Ores of Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Smithson Tennant   
Ancient Chinese and Indians   
Discovery
In 1803   
Before 2000 BCE   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-7 %   
22
Not Available   
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000002 %   
25
~-9999 %   
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
29
Not Available   
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
99+
0.05 %   
9
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Iridium has an anti corrosion properties and it is used in special alloy with Osmium metal and that alloy is used in pen tips and compass bearings.
  
  • It is a liquid metal at room temperature, but it is a toxic heavy metal and hence many uses of mercury are under review or phased out.
  • It is manly used as a catalysts in chemical industry.
  
Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
Dentistry   
Other Uses
Alloys   
Alloys, Mirror Manufacturing, Pharmaceutical Industry   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic   
Highly Toxic   
Present in Human Body
Yes   
Yes   
In Blood
Not Available   
0.01 Blood/mg dm-3   
23
In Bone
Not Available   
0.45 p.p.m.   
19
Physical Properties
Melting Point
2,410.00 °C   
7
Not Available   
Boiling Point
4,527.00 °C   
10
356.58 °C   
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Liquid   
Color
Silvery White   
Silver   
Luster
Metallic   
NA   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.50   
5
Not Available   
Brinell Hardness
1,670.00 MPa   
5
Not Available   
Vickers Hardness
1,760.00 MPa   
3
Not Available   
Speed of Sound
4,825.00 m/s   
13
1,451.40 m/s   
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
Not Available   
1.00   
3
Reflectivity
78.00 %   
6
73.00 %   
8
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Ir   
Hg   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
34   
5
34   
5
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.20   
4
2.00   
7
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
2.20   
7
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.55   
11
1.44   
17
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.81   
9
Allen Electronegativity
1.68   
17
1.44   
30
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.80   
99+
2.00   
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
880.00 kJ/mol   
9
1,007.10 kJ/mol   
4
2nd Energy Level
1,600.00 kJ/mol   
35
1,810.00 kJ/mol   
20
3rd Energy Level
Not Available   
3,300.00 kJ/mol   
20
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.14 g/amp-hr   
99+
3.74 g/amp-hr   
10
Electron Work Function
4.55 eV   
13
4.49 eV   
15
Other Chemical Properties
Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity   
Flammability, Ionization, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
77   
39
80   
36
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d7 6s2   
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2   
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)   
Rhombohedral (RHO)   
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Iridium.jpg#100   
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Mercury.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
74   
99+
80   
36
Number of Neutrons
110   
27
121   
22
Number of Electrons
74   
99+
80   
36
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
136.00 pm   
99+
151.00 pm   
32
Covalent Radius
141.00 pm   
99+
132.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
202.00 pm   
27
155.00 pm   
99+
Atomic Weight
192.22 amu   
34
200.59 amu   
32
Atomic Volume
9.53 cm3/mol   
99+
14.82 cm3/mol   
35
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Osmium
  
Gold
  
Next Element
Platinum
  
Thallium
  
Valence Electron Potential
140.00 (-eV)   
5
28.20 (-eV)   
99+
Lattice Constant
383.90 pm   
26
300.50 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
NA   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
22.56 g/cm3   
10
13.53 g/cm3   
24
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
19.00 g/cm3   
3
Not Available   
Tensile Strength
2,000.00 MPa   
2
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
0.00   
1
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
25
Not Available   
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
210.00 GPa   
2
Not Available   
Bulk Modulus
320.00 GPa   
3
Not Available   
Young's Modulus
528.00 GPa   
1
Not Available   
Poisson Ratio
0.26   
22
Not Available   
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
NA   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
21.78   
3
13.53   
16
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Diamagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Conductor   
Resistivity
47.10 nΩ·m   
99+
961.00 nΩ·m   
1
Electrical Conductivity
0.19 106/cm Ω   
10
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
Electron Affinity
151.00 kJ/mol   
4
0.00 kJ/mol   
40
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)   
39
0.14 J/(kg K)   
38
Molar Heat Capacity
25.10 J/mol·K   
99+
27.98 J/mol·K   
13
Thermal Conductivity
147.00 W/m·K   
10
8.30 W/m·K   
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
1,750.00 K   
6
Thermal Expansion
6.40 µm/(m·K)   
99+
60.40 µm/(m·K)   
5
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
799.10 kJ/mol   
1
56.90 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
35.23 kJ/mol   
1
2.29 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
837.00 kJ/mol   
1
61.50 kJ/mol   
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
35.50 J/mol.K   
99+
75.80 J/mol.K   
6
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