Element Family
Post-Transition
Transition Metal
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m
P63/mmc
Interesting Facts
- Galena mineral contains almost 87% of Lead metal in it, Galena is sulfide mineral.
- The best available source of Lead metal today is by recycling automobile batteries.
- Osmium metal does not oxidize in air unless it is heated.
- But if it heated den it forms Osmium Tetroxide, which is highly toxic.
Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals
Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining
Who Discovered
Unknown
Smithson Tennant
Discovery
In Middle Easterns (7000 BCE)
In 1803
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available
Abundance In Humans
Not Available
Uses & Benefits
- It is also used in insecticides, hair dyes and as an anti-knocking additive for petrol. But all these are banned by the government as Lead metal is known for detrimental to health.
- Its has very limited uses and its alloys are very hard and are used in the manufacturing of pen tips, pivots, needles and electrical contacts.
-
It is also used as industrial catalyst to speed up the chemical reaction.
Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
NA
Toxicity
Toxic
Highly Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
No
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Gray
Silvery Bluish-Gray
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Pauling Electronegativity
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
Pauling Electropositivity
4th Energy Level
Not Available
5th Energy Level
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p2
[Xe] 4f14 5d6 6s2
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Lead.jpg#100
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
Covalent Radius
Not Available
Valence Electron Potential
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Density At Room Temperature
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available
Young's Modulus
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
Ductile
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Property
Poor Conductor
Conductor
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available