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Osmium vs Indium

Osmium
Indium
Indium vs Osmium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Os  
In  
Group Number
8  
10
13  
5
Period Number
6  
5  
Block
d block  
p block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Post-​Transition  
CAS Number
7440042  
99+
7440746  
17
Space Group Name
P63/mmc  
I4/mmm  
Space Group Number
194.00  
7
139.00  
11
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Osmium metal does not oxidize in air unless it is heated.
  • But if it heated den it forms Osmium Tetroxide, which is highly toxic.
  
  • Luster of Indium is bright in nature.
  • Reich and richer were looking for thallium in zinc metal and they discovered Indium metal.
  
Sources
Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining  
Mining, Ores of metals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Smithson Tennant  
Ferdinand Reich and Hieronymous Theodor Richter  
Discovery
In 1803  
In 1863  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
22
0.00 %  
29
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
25
0.00 %  
23
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
28
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
16
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Its has very limited uses and its alloys are very hard and are used in the manufacturing of pen tips, pivots, needles and electrical contacts.
  • It is also used as industrial catalyst to speed up the chemical reaction.
  
  • It is used to produce indium tin oxide (ITO), it is used in manufacturing touch screens, flat screen TVs and solar panels.
  • Its nitride, phosphide and antimonide are used in transistors and microchips.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
Medical Research  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Alloys, In Nuclear Reactors  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Highly Toxic  
Non Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
3,045.00 °C  
3
156.61 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
5,027.00 °C  
6
2,000.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery Bluish-Gray  
Silvery Gray  
Luster
Metallic  
Lustrous  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
7.00  
3
1.20  
21
Brinell Hardness
3,490.00 MPa  
1
8.80 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
3,920.00 MPa  
1
0.01 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
4,940.00 m/s  
15
1,215.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
2.07  
12
3.41  
1
Reflectivity
80.00 %  
7
83.00 %  
6
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Os  
In  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
35  
4
35  
4
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.20  
5
1.78  
17
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.20  
8
2.14  
9
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.52  
13
1.49  
14
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.20  
6
1.76  
18
Allen Electronegativity
1.65  
22
1.66  
21
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.80  
99+
2.22  
38
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
12
558.30 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,309.80 kJ/mol  
99+
1,820.70 kJ/mol  
19
3rd Energy Level
1,600.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,704.00 kJ/mol  
40
4th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,210.00 kJ/mol  
26
5th Energy Level
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
10
5,580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
30
5,580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
25
5,580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
25
5,580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
5,280.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10th Energy Level
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
26
5,580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11th Energy Level
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
23
5,580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
18
5,580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
558.30 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
84,000.00 kJ/mol  
12
55,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
558.30 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
29
558.30 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
18
5,580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
19th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
27
558.30 kJ/mol  
99+
20th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
19
558.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21st Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
39
558.30 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
15
558.00 kJ/mol  
99+
23rd Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,581.00 kJ/mol  
24
24th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
11
558.30 kJ/mol  
99+
25th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
9
558.00 kJ/mol  
99+
26th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
9
558.30 kJ/mol  
99+
27th Energy Level
713.30 kJ/mol  
24
558.30 kJ/mol  
99+
28th Energy Level
840.10 kJ/mol  
13
558.30 kJ/mol  
99+
29th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
13
558.30 kJ/mol  
99+
30th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
9
558.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.77 g/amp-hr  
99+
1.43 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.83 eV  
13
4.12 eV  
31
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
76  
40
49  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d6 6s2  
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p1  
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Tetragonal (TETR)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Indium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
76  
39
49  
99+
Number of Neutrons
114  
26
66  
99+
Number of Electrons
76  
39
49  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
133.80 pm  
99+
167.00 pm  
26
Covalent Radius
128.00 pm  
99+
142.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
216.00 pm  
30
193.00 pm  
38
Atomic Weight
190.23 amu  
35
114.82 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
8.49 cm3/mol  
99+
15.70 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Rhenium
  
Cadmium
  
Next Element
Iridium
  
Tin
  
Valence Electron Potential
91.40 (-eV)  
12
54.00 (-eV)  
26
Lattice Constant
273.44 pm  
99+
325.23 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.58  
37
1.56  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
22.59 g/cm3  
9
7.31 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
20.00 g/cm3  
11
7.02 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
1,000.00 MPa  
4
2.50 MPa  
99+
Viscosity
0.00  
3
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
16
0.01 (Pa)  
11
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
39
0.00 (Pa)  
24
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
222.00 GPa  
1
18.00 GPa  
99+
Bulk Modulus
462.00 GPa  
1
46.90 GPa  
27
Young's Modulus
528.00 GPa  
1
11.00 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.25  
24
0.44  
3
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile  
Ductile, Malleable  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
22.57  
11
7.31  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Diamagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
17
0.00 H/m  
17
Susceptibility
0.00  
17
0.00  
34
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
81.20 nΩ·m  
35
83.70 nΩ·m  
34
Electrical Conductivity
0.11 106/cm Ω  
21
0.12 106/cm Ω  
20
Electron Affinity
106.10 kJ/mol  
10
28.90 kJ/mol  
37
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
0.23 J/(kg K)  
27
Molar Heat Capacity
24.70 J/mol·K  
99+
26.74 J/mol·K  
32
Thermal Conductivity
87.60 W/m·K  
19
81.80 W/m·K  
21
Critical Temperature
3,300.00 K  
3
429.75 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
5.10 µm/(m·K)  
99+
32.10 µm/(m·K)  
9
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
627.60 kJ/mol  
8
226.40 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
29.30 kJ/mol  
4
3.28 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
669.00 kJ/mol  
6
242.70 kJ/mol  
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
32.60 J/mol.K  
99+
57.80 J/mol.K  
27
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