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Osmium Indium Comparison

Osmium
Indium
Indium Osmium comparison


Periodic Table
Symbol
Os   
In   
Group Number
8   
10
13   
5
Period Number
6   
5   
Block
d block   
p block   
Element Family
Transition Metal   
Post-​Transition   
CAS Number
7440042   
99+
7440746   
17
Space Group Name
P63/mmc   
I4/mmm   
Space Group Number
194.00   
5
139.00   
8
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Osmium metal does not oxidize in air unless it is heated.
  • But if it heated den it forms Osmium Tetroxide, which is highly toxic.
  
  • Luster of Indium is bright in nature.
  • Reich and richer were looking for thallium in zinc metal and they discovered Indium metal.
  
Sources
Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining   
Mining, Ores of metals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Smithson Tennant   
Ferdinand Reich and Hieronymous Theodor Richter   
Discovery
In 1803   
In 1863   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
3 * 10-7 %   
21
3 * 10-8 %   
28
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000002 %   
25
~0.0000004 %   
23
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
28
0.00 %   
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
99+
0.00 %   
99+
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
99+
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Its has very limited uses and its alloys are very hard and are used in the manufacturing of pen tips, pivots, needles and electrical contacts.
  • It is also used as industrial catalyst to speed up the chemical reaction.
  
  • It is used to produce indium tin oxide (ITO), it is used in manufacturing touch screens, flat screen TVs and solar panels.
  • Its nitride, phosphide and antimonide are used in transistors and microchips.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
Medical Research   
Other Uses
Alloys   
Alloys, In Nuclear Reactors   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Highly Toxic   
Non Toxic   
Present in Human Body
No   
Yes   
Physical Properties
Melting Point
3,045.00 °C   
3
156.61 °C   
99+
Boiling Point
5,027.00 °C   
6
2,000.00 °C   
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery Bluish-Gray   
Silvery Gray   
Luster
Metallic   
Lustrous   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
7.00   
3
1.20   
20
Brinell Hardness
3,490.00 MPa   
1
8.80 MPa   
99+
Speed of Sound
4,940.00 m/s   
11
1,215.00 m/s   
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Os   
In   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
35   
4
35   
4
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.20   
4
1.78   
16
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
2.14   
8
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.52   
12
1.49   
13
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.76   
10
Allen Electronegativity
1.65   
19
1.66   
18
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.80   
99+
2.22   
38
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol   
12
558.30 kJ/mol   
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,309.80 kJ/mol   
99+
1,820.70 kJ/mol   
18
3rd Energy Level
1,600.00 kJ/mol   
99+
2,704.00 kJ/mol   
39
4th Energy Level
Not Available   
5,210.00 kJ/mol   
17
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.77 g/amp-hr   
38
1.43 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
4.83 eV   
8
4.12 eV   
24
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
76   
40
49   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d6 6s2   
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p1   
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Tetragonal (TETR)   
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Indium.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
76   
39
49   
99+
Number of Neutrons
114   
25
66   
99+
Number of Electrons
76   
39
49   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
133.80 pm   
99+
167.00 pm   
24
Covalent Radius
Not Available   
142.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
216.00 pm   
24
193.00 pm   
31
Atomic Weight
190.23 amu   
35
114.82 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
8.49 cm3/mol   
99+
15.70 cm3/mol   
33
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Rhenium
  
Cadmium
  
Next Element
Iridium
  
Tin
  
Valence Electron Potential
91.40 (-eV)   
12
54.00 (-eV)   
25
Lattice Constant
273.44 pm   
99+
325.23 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.58   
14
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
22.59 g/cm3   
9
7.31 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
20.00 g/cm3   
1
7.02 g/cm3   
33
Tensile Strength
1,000.00 MPa   
4
2.50 MPa   
21
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available   
0.01 (Pa)   
11
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
28
Not Available   
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
222.00 GPa   
1
Not Available   
Bulk Modulus
462.00 GPa   
1
Not Available   
Young's Modulus
Not Available   
11.00 GPa   
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.25   
24
Not Available   
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile   
Ductile, Malleable   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
22.57   
2
7.31   
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Diamagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Conductor   
Resistivity
81.20 nΩ·m   
35
83.70 nΩ·m   
34
Electrical Conductivity
0.11 106/cm Ω   
18
0.12 106/cm Ω   
17
Electron Affinity
106.10 kJ/mol   
9
28.90 kJ/mol   
31
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)   
39
0.23 J/(kg K)   
27
Molar Heat Capacity
24.70 J/mol·K   
99+
26.74 J/mol·K   
25
Thermal Conductivity
87.60 W/m·K   
19
81.80 W/m·K   
21
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
5.10 µm/(m·K)   
99+
32.10 µm/(m·K)   
9
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
627.60 kJ/mol   
7
226.40 kJ/mol   
40
Enthalpy of Fusion
29.30 kJ/mol   
4
3.28 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
669.00 kJ/mol   
6
242.70 kJ/mol   
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
32.60 J/mol.K   
99+
57.80 J/mol.K   
22
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