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Lutetium vs Silver

Lutetium
Silver
Silver vs Lutetium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Lu   
Ag   
Group Number
Not Available   
11   
7
Period Number
6   
5   
Block
f block   
d block   
Element Family
Lanthanide   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7439943   
99+
7440224   
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc   
Fm_ 3m   
Space Group Number
194.00   
5
225.00   
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Metal dust of Lutetium element is highly explosive.
  • Lutetium metal is corrosion resistance and acts stable in air.
  
  • It is the most reflective element.
  • Silver is the second most ductile metal after Gold.
  • It is also used in Dentistry as a dental alloys for clips and crowning.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Ores of metals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Georges Urbain and Carl Auer von Welsbach   
Unknown   
Discovery
In 1906   
Before 5000 BC   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
1 * 10-8 %   
30
6 * 10-8 %   
26
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000001 %   
26
~0.0000001 %   
26
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
99+
0.00 %   
38
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
99+
0.00 %   
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
99+
0.00 %   
19
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Lutetium metal is used outside research. It has commercial uses like Industrial catalyst for cracking oil refineries of hydrocarbons .
  
  • Silver is mainly used for Jewelry and show piece.
  • It is used for manufacturing high quality mirrors due to its reflectivity property.
  
Industrial Uses
NA   
Chemical Industry, Clothing Industry, Electrical Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry   
Other Uses
Alloys   
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Low Toxic   
Non Toxic   
Present in Human Body
No   
Yes   
In Blood
Not Available   
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
29
In Bone
Not Available   
0.44 p.p.m.   
20
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,652.00 °C   
19
961.93 °C   
99+
Boiling Point
3,402.00 °C   
19
2,212.00 °C   
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery White   
Silvery White   
Luster
Metallic   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available   
2.50   
14
Brinell Hardness
893.00 MPa   
10
251.00 MPa   
37
Vickers Hardness
1,160.00 MPa   
8
229.00 MPa   
30
Speed of Sound
Not Available   
2,680.00 m/s   
34
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
Not Available   
97.00 %   
1
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Lu   
Ag   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
35   
4
36   
3
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.27   
34
1.93   
9
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.83   
11
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.14   
28
1.42   
18
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.47   
15
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.87   
7
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.73   
20
2.07   
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
523.50 kJ/mol   
99+
731.00 kJ/mol   
27
2nd Energy Level
1,340.00 kJ/mol   
99+
2,070.00 kJ/mol   
11
3rd Energy Level
2,022.30 kJ/mol   
99+
3,361.00 kJ/mol   
19
4th Energy Level
4,370.00 kJ/mol   
28
Not Available   
5th Energy Level
6,445.00 kJ/mol   
21
Not Available   
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.18 g/amp-hr   
23
4.02 g/amp-hr   
7
Electron Work Function
3.30 eV   
33
4.26 eV   
20
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
71   
99+
47   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 6s2 4f14 5d1   
[Kr] 4d10 5s1   
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)   
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Silver.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
71   
99+
47   
99+
Number of Neutrons
104   
30
61   
99+
Number of Electrons
71   
99+
47   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
174.00 pm   
20
144.00 pm   
36
Covalent Radius
187.00 pm   
20
145.00 pm   
39
Van der Waals Radius
221.00 pm   
22
172.00 pm   
38
Atomic Weight
174.97 amu   
40
107.87 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
17.78 cm3/mol   
30
10.30 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Ytterbium
  
Palladium
  
Next Element
Hafnium
  
Cadmium
  
Valence Electron Potential
50.90 (-eV)   
26
11.40 (-eV)   
99+
Lattice Constant
350.31 pm   
99+
408.53 pm   
20
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.59   
10
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
9.84 g/cm3   
38
10.49 g/cm3   
35
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
9.30 g/cm3   
22
9.32 g/cm3   
21
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
33
0.00 (Pa)   
14
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
3.18 (Pa)   
11
Not Available   
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
27.20 GPa   
26
30.00 GPa   
23
Bulk Modulus
47.60 GPa   
23
100.00 GPa   
16
Young's Modulus
68.60 GPa   
30
83.00 GPa   
23
Poisson Ratio
0.26   
21
0.37   
7
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
Ductile, Malleable   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
9.84   
29
10.50   
26
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Diamagnetic   
Susceptibility
Not Available   
0.00   
5
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Conductor   
Resistivity
582.00 nΩ·m   
9
15.87 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω   
99+
0.63 106/cm Ω   
1
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol   
21
125.60 kJ/mol   
5
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.15 J/(kg K)   
36
0.24 J/(kg K)   
25
Molar Heat Capacity
26.86 J/mol·K   
24
25.35 J/mol·K   
99+
Thermal Conductivity
16.40 W/m·K   
99+
429.00 W/m·K   
1
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
9.90 µm/(m·K)   
40
18.90 µm/(m·K)   
23
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
355.90 kJ/mol   
22
255.10 kJ/mol   
37
Enthalpy of Fusion
18.70 kJ/mol   
13
11.30 kJ/mol   
31
Enthalpy of Atomization
398.00 kJ/mol   
20
284.50 kJ/mol   
37
Standard Molar Entropy
51.00 J/mol.K   
30
42.60 J/mol.K   
35
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