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Magnesium vs Zinc

Magnesium
Zinc
Zinc vs Magnesium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Mg   
Zn   
Group Number
2   
16
12   
6
Period Number
3   
4   
Block
s block   
d block   
Element Family
Alkaline Earth   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7439954   
99+
7440666   
24
Space Group Name
P63/mmc   
P63/mmc   
Space Group Number
194.00   
5
194.00   
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Magnesium ions are present in every chlorophyll of every green plant .
  • Controlling Magnesium fire by pouring water on it will result in explosions.
  
  • Zinc metal found (obtain) in many forms like granules, foil, dust and in a powder form.
  • The leading producers of Zinc metal are Australia, Canada, China, U.S.A and Peru.
  
Sources
By Electrolysis Process, In Ocean, Mining   
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Joseph Black   
Indian metallurgists   
Discovery
In 1755   
Before 1000 BCE   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
6 * 10-2 %   
2
3 * 10-5 %   
11
Abundance In Sun
~0.07 %   
2
~0.0002 %   
10
Abundance In Meteorites
12.00 %   
2
0.02 %   
12
Abundance In Earth's Crust
2.90 %   
4
0.01 %   
16
Abundance In Oceans
0.13 %   
2
0.00 %   
10
Abundance In Humans
0.03 %   
4
0.00 %   
6
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Magnesium aluminum alloy improves the mechanical strength and welding characteristics and hence it is used in aeroplane and car manufacturing.
  • It is also used to remove sulfur from the molten iron and steel.
  
  • It is mainly used for Galvanizing other metals.
  • It is also used for manufacturing die-casting and it is very essential for automobile industry.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Pharmaceutical Industry   
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
Pharmaceutical Industry   
Other Uses
Surgical Instruments Manufacturing   
Alloys   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic   
Highly Toxic   
Present in Human Body
Yes   
Yes   
In Blood
37.80 Blood/mg dm-3   
5
7.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
6
In Bone
1,800.00 p.p.m.   
4
170.00 p.p.m.   
6
Physical Properties
Melting Point
650.00 °C   
99+
419.58 °C   
99+
Boiling Point
1,107.00 °C   
99+
907.00 °C   
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Gray   
Silvery Gray   
Luster
NA   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
2.50   
14
2.50   
14
Brinell Hardness
260.00 MPa   
36
327.00 MPa   
32
Speed of Sound
4,940.00 m/s   
11
3,850.00 m/s   
18
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
Not Available   
1.00   
2
Reflectivity
74.00 %   
7
80.00 %   
5
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Mg   
Zn   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
15   
24
25   
14
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.31   
31
1.65   
19
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.32   
18
2.23   
6
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.23   
25
1.66   
7
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.37   
16
1.65   
11
Allen Electronegativity
1.29   
35
1.59   
22
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.69   
23
2.35   
35
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
737.70 kJ/mol   
24
906.40 kJ/mol   
6
2nd Energy Level
1,450.70 kJ/mol   
99+
1,733.30 kJ/mol   
27
3rd Energy Level
7,732.70 kJ/mol   
5
3,833.00 kJ/mol   
12
4th Energy Level
10,542.50 kJ/mol   
4
5,731.00 kJ/mol   
11
5th Energy Level
13,630.00 kJ/mol   
3
7,970.00 kJ/mol   
9
6th Energy Level
18,020.00 kJ/mol   
3
10,400.00 kJ/mol   
9
7th Energy level
21,711.00 kJ/mol   
3
12,900.00 kJ/mol   
9
8th Energy Level
25,661.00 kJ/mol   
3
16,800.00 kJ/mol   
6
9th Energy Level
31,653.00 kJ/mol   
3
19,600.00 kJ/mol   
8
10th Energy Level
35,458.00 kJ/mol   
5
23,000.00 kJ/mol   
10
11th Energy Level
169,988.00 kJ/mol   
1
26,400.00 kJ/mol   
11
12th Energy Level
189,368.00 kJ/mol   
1
29,990.00 kJ/mol   
11
13th Energy Level
Not Available   
40,490.00 kJ/mol   
5
14th Energy Level
Not Available   
43,800.00 kJ/mol   
6
15th Energy Level
Not Available   
47,300.00 kJ/mol   
8
16th Energy Level
Not Available   
52,300.00 kJ/mol   
9
17th Energy Level
Not Available   
55,900.00 kJ/mol   
10
18th Energy Level
Not Available   
59,700.00 kJ/mol   
11
19th Energy Level
Not Available   
67,300.00 kJ/mol   
10
20th Energy Level
Not Available   
171,200.00 kJ/mol   
1
21st Energy Level
Not Available   
179,100.00 kJ/mol   
1
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.45 g/amp-hr   
99+
1.22 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
3.66 eV   
29
4.33 eV   
17
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Highly Inflammable, Ionization, Solubility   
Anti Corrosion, Chemical Stability, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
12   
99+
30   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Ne] 3s2   
[Ar] 3d10 4s2   
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Magnesium.jpg#100   
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Zinc.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
12   
99+
30   
99+
Number of Neutrons
12   
99+
35   
99+
Number of Electrons
12   
99+
30   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
160.00 pm   
27
134.00 pm   
99+
Covalent Radius
141.00 pm   
99+
122.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
173.00 pm   
37
139.00 pm   
99+
Atomic Weight
24.31 amu   
99+
65.38 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
13.97 cm3/mol   
37
9.20 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Sodium
  
Copper
  
Next Element
Aluminium
  
Gallium
  
Valence Electron Potential
40.00 (-eV)   
99+
38.90 (-eV)   
99+
Lattice Constant
320.94 pm   
99+
266.49 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
1.74 g/cm3   
99+
7.14 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
1.58 g/cm3   
99+
6.57 g/cm3   
37
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
17.00 GPa   
37
43.00 GPa   
18
Bulk Modulus
45.00 GPa   
25
70.00 GPa   
19
Young's Modulus
45.00 GPa   
39
108.00 GPa   
19
Poisson Ratio
0.29   
15
0.25   
24
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
NA   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
1.74   
99+
6.90   
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Diamagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Conductor   
Resistivity
43.90 nΩ·m   
99+
59.00 nΩ·m   
40
Electrical Conductivity
0.23 106/cm Ω   
7
0.17 106/cm Ω   
12
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol   
40
0.00 kJ/mol   
40
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
1.02 J/(kg K)   
4
0.39 J/(kg K)   
14
Molar Heat Capacity
24.87 J/mol·K   
99+
25.47 J/mol·K   
39
Thermal Conductivity
156.00 W/m·K   
8
116.00 W/m·K   
14
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
24.80 µm/(m·K)   
15
30.20 µm/(m·K)   
11
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
128.70 kJ/mol   
99+
7.32 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
8.95 kJ/mol   
39
7.32 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
148.50 kJ/mol   
99+
129.70 kJ/mol   
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
32.70 J/mol.K   
99+
41.60 J/mol.K   
36
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