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Manganese vs Copper

Manganese
Copper
Copper vs Manganese


Periodic Table
Symbol
Mn   
Cu   
Group Number
7   
11
11   
7
Period Number
4   
4   
Block
d block   
d block   
Element Family
Transition Metal   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7439965   
99+
7440508   
37
Space Group Name
I_ 43m   
Fm_ 3m   
Space Group Number
217.00   
4
225.00   
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Manganese is an essential trace element in all forms of life.
  • Manganese metal oxidizes very easily, but it does not fuse that easily.
  
  • Copper rarely found in its pure form in nature.
  • Copper Sulfate is mostly used in agricultural poison and as an algicide in water purification system.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
Found in Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Johann Gottlieb Gahn   
Unknown   
Discovery
In 1774   
In Middle East (9000 BCE)   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
8 * 10-4 %   
8
6 * 10-6 %   
12
Abundance In Sun
~0.001 %   
8
~0.00007 %   
12
Abundance In Meteorites
0.27 %   
8
0.01 %   
13
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.11 %   
8
0.01 %   
17
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
13
0.00 %   
8
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %   
13
0.00 %   
9
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • This metal is very brittle hence it mostly not used as a pure metal, but its alloys are very useful
  • Its alloy Manganese steel is extremely strong and used in railway tracks, safes, prison bars and riffle barrels.
  
  • It is use for coinage and bullion.
  • Most of copper element is used in manufacturing electrical and electronic equipments such as wirings and components. It is also used in construction and industrial machine.
  
Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Chemical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
NA   
Other Uses
Alloys   
Alloys, Coinage, Jewellery   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic   
Non Toxic   
Present in Human Body
Yes   
Yes   
In Blood
0.08 Blood/mg dm-3   
14
1.01 Blood/mg dm-3   
8
In Bone
100.00 p.p.m.   
8
26.00 p.p.m.   
12
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,245.00 °C   
37
1,084.62 °C   
40
Boiling Point
1,962.00 °C   
99+
2,562.00 °C   
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silver   
Copper   
Luster
Metallic   
NA   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.00   
6
3.00   
12
Brinell Hardness
196.00 MPa   
99+
235.00 MPa   
38
Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
343.00 MPa   
28
Speed of Sound
5,150.00 m/s   
7
3,810.00 m/s   
19
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
Not Available   
90.00 %   
3
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Mn   
Cu   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
21   
18
29   
10
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.55   
25
1.90   
11
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.20   
7
1.98   
9
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.60   
9
1.75   
3
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.49   
14
Allen Electronegativity
1.75   
15
1.85   
9
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.45   
29
2.10   
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
717.30 kJ/mol   
30
745.50 kJ/mol   
22
2nd Energy Level
1,509.00 kJ/mol   
39
1,957.90 kJ/mol   
15
3rd Energy Level
3,248.00 kJ/mol   
21
3,555.00 kJ/mol   
15
4th Energy Level
4,940.00 kJ/mol   
20
5,536.00 kJ/mol   
12
5th Energy Level
6,990.00 kJ/mol   
17
7,700.00 kJ/mol   
11
6th Energy Level
9,220.00 kJ/mol   
16
9,900.00 kJ/mol   
10
7th Energy level
11,500.00 kJ/mol   
16
13,400.00 kJ/mol   
7
8th Energy Level
18,770.00 kJ/mol   
5
16,000.00 kJ/mol   
9
9th Energy Level
21,400.00 kJ/mol   
6
19,200.00 kJ/mol   
9
10th Energy Level
23,960.00 kJ/mol   
9
22,400.00 kJ/mol   
11
11th Energy Level
27,590.00 kJ/mol   
10
25,600.00 kJ/mol   
13
12th Energy Level
30,330.00 kJ/mol   
10
35,600.00 kJ/mol   
6
13th Energy Level
33,150.00 kJ/mol   
11
38,700.00 kJ/mol   
6
14th Energy Level
38,880.00 kJ/mol   
10
42,000.00 kJ/mol   
7
15th Energy Level
41,987.00 kJ/mol   
13
46,700.00 kJ/mol   
9
16th Energy Level
109,480.00 kJ/mol   
1
50,200.00 kJ/mol   
10
17th Energy Level
118,100.00 kJ/mol   
2
53,700.00 kJ/mol   
12
18th Energy Level
127,100.00 kJ/mol   
3
61,100.00 kJ/mol   
10
19th Energy Level
138,600.00 kJ/mol   
4
64,702.00 kJ/mol   
11
20th Energy Level
148,500.00 kJ/mol   
6
163,700.00 kJ/mol   
2
21st Energy Level
158,600.00 kJ/mol   
6
174,100.00 kJ/mol   
2
22nd Energy Level
172,500.00 kJ/mol   
5
184,900.00 kJ/mol   
1
23rd Energy Level
181,380.00 kJ/mol   
5
198,800.00 kJ/mol   
1
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.29 g/amp-hr   
99+
1.19 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
4.10 eV   
25
4.65 eV   
11
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes   
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Ionization, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
25   
99+
29   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d5 4s2   
[Ar] 3d10 4s1   
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)   
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Copper.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
25   
99+
29   
99+
Number of Neutrons
30   
99+
35   
99+
Number of Electrons
25   
99+
29   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
127.00 pm   
99+
128.00 pm   
99+
Covalent Radius
139.00 pm   
99+
132.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm   
28
140.00 pm   
99+
Atomic Weight
54.94 amu   
99+
63.55 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
1.39 cm3/mol   
99+
7.10 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Chromium
  
Nickel
  
Next Element
Iron
  
Zinc
  
Valence Electron Potential
220.00 (-eV)   
2
34.00 (-eV)   
99+
Lattice Constant
891.25 pm   
1
361.49 pm   
35
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
7.21 g/cm3   
99+
8.96 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
5.95 g/cm3   
99+
8.02 g/cm3   
27
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
12
1.53 (Pa)   
8
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
Not Available   
48.00 GPa   
15
Bulk Modulus
120.00 GPa   
14
140.00 GPa   
12
Young's Modulus
198.00 GPa   
12
120.00 GPa   
17
Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
0.34   
10
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
Ductile, Malleable   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
7.21   
99+
8.89   
34
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Diamagnetic   
Permeability
Not Available   
1.256629 * 10-6 H/m   
5
Susceptibility
Not Available   
-9.63 * 10-6   
4
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Conductor   
Resistivity
1.44 nΩ·m   
99+
16.78 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
0.60 106/cm Ω   
2
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol   
40
222.80 kJ/mol   
1
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.48 J/(kg K)   
11
0.38 J/(kg K)   
15
Molar Heat Capacity
26.32 J/mol·K   
29
24.44 J/mol·K   
99+
Thermal Conductivity
7.81 W/m·K   
99+
401.00 W/m·K   
2
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
21.70 µm/(m·K)   
21
16.50 µm/(m·K)   
25
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
219.70 kJ/mol   
99+
283.70 kJ/mol   
33
Enthalpy of Fusion
14.64 kJ/mol   
23
7.11 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
280.30 kJ/mol   
38
338.90 kJ/mol   
29
Standard Molar Entropy
32.00 J/mol.K   
99+
33.20 J/mol.K   
99+
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