Element Family
Transition Metal
Post-Transition
Space Group Name
R_ 3m
I4/mmm
Interesting Facts
- At room temperature mercury is found in a liquid state.
- A coin of pound or rupees floats in mercury.
- Because of its low melting point and boiling point it is used in thermometers.
- Luster of Indium is bright in nature.
- Reich and richer were looking for thallium in zinc metal and they discovered Indium metal.
Sources
Mining, Ores of Minerals
Mining, Ores of metals
Who Discovered
Ancient Chinese and Indians
Ferdinand Reich and Hieronymous Theodor Richter
Discovery
Before 2000 BCE
In 1863
Abundance In Universe
Not Available
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available
Uses & Benefits
- It is a liquid metal at room temperature, but it is a toxic heavy metal and hence many uses of mercury are under review or phased out.
- It is manly used as a catalysts in chemical industry.
- It is used to produce indium tin oxide (ITO), it is used in manufacturing touch screens, flat screen TVs and solar panels.
- Its nitride, phosphide and antimonide are used in transistors and microchips.
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry
Medical Uses
Dentistry
Medical Research
Other Uses
Alloys, Mirror Manufacturing, Pharmaceutical Industry
Alloys, In Nuclear Reactors
Toxicity
Highly Toxic
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
Yes
Melting Point
Not Available
Physical State
Liquid
Solid
Color
Silver
Silvery Gray
Mohs Hardness
Not Available
Brinell Hardness
Not Available
Refractive Index
Not Available
Reflectivity
Not Available
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Pauling Electronegativity
Sanderson Electronegativity
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Pauling Electropositivity
4th Energy Level
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
Other Chemical Properties
Flammability, Ionization, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p1
Crystal Structure
Rhombohedral (RHO)
Tetragonal (TETR)
Crystal Lattice
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Mercury.jpg#100
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Indium.jpg#100
Valence Electron Potential
Lattice Angles
NA
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Density At Room Temperature
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
Young's Modulus
Not Available
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
Ductile, Malleable
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic
Diamagnetic
Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
Critical Temperature
Not Available