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Mercury Rutherfordium Comparison

Mercury
Rutherfordium
Rutherfordium Mercury comparison


Periodic Table
Symbol
Hg   
Rf   
Group Number
12   
6
4   
14
Period Number
6   
7   
Block
d block   
d block   
Element Family
Transition Metal   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7439976   
99+
53850365   
13
Space Group Name
R_ 3m   
Not Available   
Space Group Number
166.00   
6
Not Available   
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • At room temperature mercury is found in a liquid state.
  • A coin of pound or rupees floats in mercury.
  • Because of its low melting point and boiling point it is used in thermometers.
  
  • Rutherfordium does not occur in nature as it is a synthetic element.
  • Till date Rutherfordium metal has 15 radioisotopes created synthetically.
  
Sources
Mining, Ores of Minerals   
Bombarding Plutonium with Accelerated 113 to 115 MeV Neon Ions, Synthetically Produced   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Ancient Chinese and Indians   
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research   
Discovery
Before 2000 BCE   
In 1964   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.05 %   
9
Not Available   
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • It is a liquid metal at room temperature, but it is a toxic heavy metal and hence many uses of mercury are under review or phased out.
  • It is manly used as a catalysts in chemical industry.
  
  • Currently known uses of Rutherfordium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
NA   
Medical Uses
Dentistry   
NA   
Other Uses
Alloys, Mirror Manufacturing, Pharmaceutical Industry   
Alloys, Research Purposes   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Highly Toxic   
Unknown   
Present in Human Body
Yes   
No   
In Blood
0.01 Blood/mg dm-3   
23
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
In Bone
0.45 p.p.m.   
19
0.00 p.p.m.   
36
Physical Properties
Melting Point
Not Available   
2,100.00 °C   
11
Boiling Point
356.58 °C   
99+
5,500.00 °C   
3
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Liquid   
Solid   
Color
Silver   
Unknown   
Luster
NA   
Unknown Luster   
Hardness
  
  
Speed of Sound
1,451.40 m/s   
99+
Not Available   
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.00   
3
Not Available   
Reflectivity
73.00 %   
8
Not Available   
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Hg   
Rf   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
34   
5
13   
26
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.00   
7
Not Available   
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.20   
7
Not Available   
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.44   
17
Not Available   
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.81   
9
Not Available   
Allen Electronegativity
1.44   
30
Not Available   
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.00   
99+
Not Available   
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
1,007.10 kJ/mol   
4
579.90 kJ/mol   
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,810.00 kJ/mol   
20
1,389.40 kJ/mol   
99+
3rd Energy Level
3,300.00 kJ/mol   
20
2,296.40 kJ/mol   
99+
4th Energy Level
Not Available   
3,077.90 kJ/mol   
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.74 g/amp-hr   
10
Not Available   
Electron Work Function
4.49 eV   
15
Not Available   
Other Chemical Properties
Flammability, Ionization, Solubility   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
80   
36
104   
14
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2   
[Rn] 5f14 6d2 7s2   
Crystal Structure
Rhombohedral (RHO)   
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Crystal Lattice
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Mercury.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
80   
36
104   
14
Number of Neutrons
121   
22
157   
7
Number of Electrons
80   
36
104   
14
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
151.00 pm   
32
150.00 pm   
33
Covalent Radius
132.00 pm   
99+
157.00 pm   
31
Van der Waals Radius
155.00 pm   
99+
Not Available   
Atomic Weight
200.59 amu   
32
267.00 amu   
11
Atomic Volume
14.82 cm3/mol   
35
Not Available   
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Gold
  
Lawrencium
  
Next Element
Thallium
  
Dubnium
  
Valence Electron Potential
28.20 (-eV)   
99+
Not Available   
Lattice Constant
300.50 pm   
99+
Not Available   
Lattice Angles
NA   
NA   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
13.53 g/cm3   
24
23.20 g/cm3   
8
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
0.00   
1
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Elasticity properties
  
  
Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
Unknown   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
13.53   
16
Not Available   
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic   
Unknown   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Unknown   
Resistivity
961.00 nΩ·m   
1
Not Available   
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
Not Available   
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol   
40
Not Available   
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.14 J/(kg K)   
38
Not Available   
Molar Heat Capacity
27.98 J/mol·K   
13
Not Available   
Thermal Conductivity
8.30 W/m·K   
99+
Not Available   
Critical Temperature
1,750.00 K   
6
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
60.40 µm/(m·K)   
5
Not Available   
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
56.90 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   
Enthalpy of Fusion
2.29 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   
Enthalpy of Atomization
61.50 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   
Standard Molar Entropy
75.80 J/mol.K   
6
Not Available   
Summary >>
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