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Mercury vs Tantalum

Mercury
Tantalum
Tantalum vs Mercury


Periodic Table
Symbol
Hg   
Ta   
Group Number
12   
6
5   
13
Period Number
6   
6   
Block
d block   
d block   
Element Family
Transition Metal   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7439976   
99+
7440257   
99+
Space Group Name
R_ 3m   
Im_ 3m   
Space Group Number
166.00   
6
229.00   
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • At room temperature mercury is found in a liquid state.
  • A coin of pound or rupees floats in mercury.
  • Because of its low melting point and boiling point it is used in thermometers.
  
  • Tantalum metal is known as corrosion resistance.
  • Tantalum metal can easily fabricated and It is a good conductor of heat and electricity.
  
Sources
Mining, Ores of Minerals   
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Ancient Chinese and Indians   
Anders Gustaf Ekeberg   
Discovery
Before 2000 BCE   
In 1802   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
Not Available   
8 * 10-9 %   
31
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available   
0.00 %   
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.05 %   
9
0.00 %   
37
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
31
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • It is a liquid metal at room temperature, but it is a toxic heavy metal and hence many uses of mercury are under review or phased out.
  • It is manly used as a catalysts in chemical industry.
  
  • Tantalum metal is mainly used in the manufacturing of electron components. Its Oxide layer acts as an insulator.
  • Tantalum metal is also used in surgical transplant like replacement of bone, skull plates and as a woven gauze.
  
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
Dentistry   
NA   
Other Uses
Alloys, Mirror Manufacturing, Pharmaceutical Industry   
Alloys   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Highly Toxic   
Low Toxic   
Present in Human Body
Yes   
Yes   
In Blood
0.01 Blood/mg dm-3   
23
Not Available   
In Bone
0.45 p.p.m.   
19
0.03 p.p.m.   
28
Physical Properties
Melting Point
Not Available   
2,996.00 °C   
4
Boiling Point
356.58 °C   
99+
5,425.00 °C   
4
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Liquid   
Solid   
Color
Silver   
Gray Blue   
Luster
NA   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available   
6.50   
5
Brinell Hardness
Not Available   
440.00 MPa   
28
Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
870.00 MPa   
12
Speed of Sound
1,451.40 m/s   
99+
3,400.00 m/s   
22
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.00   
3
Not Available   
Reflectivity
73.00 %   
8
78.00 %   
6
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Hg   
Ta   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
34   
5
31   
8
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.00   
7
1.50   
27
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.20   
7
Not Available   
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.44   
17
1.33   
22
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.81   
9
Not Available   
Allen Electronegativity
1.44   
30
1.34   
33
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.00   
99+
2.50   
27
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
1,007.10 kJ/mol   
4
761.00 kJ/mol   
18
2nd Energy Level
1,810.00 kJ/mol   
20
1,500.00 kJ/mol   
40
3rd Energy Level
3,300.00 kJ/mol   
20
Not Available   
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.74 g/amp-hr   
10
1.35 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
4.49 eV   
15
4.25 eV   
21
Other Chemical Properties
Flammability, Ionization, Solubility   
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
80   
36
73   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2   
[Xe] 4f14 5d3 6s2   
Crystal Structure
Rhombohedral (RHO)   
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Crystal Lattice
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Mercury.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
80   
36
73   
99+
Number of Neutrons
121   
22
108   
28
Number of Electrons
80   
36
73   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
151.00 pm   
32
146.00 pm   
35
Covalent Radius
132.00 pm   
99+
170.00 pm   
25
Van der Waals Radius
155.00 pm   
99+
200.00 pm   
28
Atomic Weight
200.59 amu   
32
180.95 amu   
38
Atomic Volume
14.82 cm3/mol   
35
10.90 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Gold
  
Hafnium
  
Next Element
Thallium
  
Tungsten
  
Valence Electron Potential
28.20 (-eV)   
99+
110.00 (-eV)   
7
Lattice Constant
300.50 pm   
99+
330.13 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
NA   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
13.53 g/cm3   
24
16.69 g/cm3   
18
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available   
15.00 g/cm3   
9
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
0.00   
1
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
0.00 (Pa)   
31
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
Not Available   
69.00 GPa   
13
Bulk Modulus
Not Available   
200.00 GPa   
8
Young's Modulus
Not Available   
186.00 GPa   
13
Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
0.34   
10
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
Ductile   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
13.53   
16
16.65   
11
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic   
Paramagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Conductor   
Resistivity
961.00 nΩ·m   
1
131.00 nΩ·m   
25
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
0.08 106/cm Ω   
27
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol   
40
31.00 kJ/mol   
29
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.14 J/(kg K)   
38
0.14 J/(kg K)   
37
Molar Heat Capacity
27.98 J/mol·K   
13
25.36 J/mol·K   
99+
Thermal Conductivity
8.30 W/m·K   
99+
57.50 W/m·K   
27
Critical Temperature
1,750.00 K   
6
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
60.40 µm/(m·K)   
5
6.30 µm/(m·K)   
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
56.90 kJ/mol   
99+
753.10 kJ/mol   
2
Enthalpy of Fusion
2.29 kJ/mol   
99+
31.40 kJ/mol   
3
Enthalpy of Atomization
61.50 kJ/mol   
99+
782.00 kJ/mol   
3
Standard Molar Entropy
75.80 J/mol.K   
6
41.50 J/mol.K   
37
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