Mercury vs Tungsten
Periodic Table
Symbol
Hg
W
Group Number
12
6
6
12
Period Number
6
6
Block
d block
d block
Element Family
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
CAS Number
7439976
99+
7440337
99+
Space Group Name
R_ 3m
Im_ 3m
Space Group Number
166.00
6
229.00
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
- At room temperature mercury is found in a liquid state.
- A coin of pound or rupees floats in mercury.
- Because of its low melting point and boiling point it is used in thermometers.
- Tungsten element has the second highest melting point.
- Pure tungsten can easily cut down with the help of hacksaw.
Sources
Mining, Ores of Minerals
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Ancient Chinese and Indians
Not Available
Discovery
Before 2000 BCE
In 1781
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
Not Available
5 * 10-8 %
27
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %
~0.0000004 %
23
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available
0.00 %
39
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.05 %
9
0.00 %
39
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available
0.00 %
18
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- It is a liquid metal at room temperature, but it is a toxic heavy metal and hence many uses of mercury are under review or phased out.
- It is manly used as a catalysts in chemical industry.
- Tungsten and its alloys are used in high-temperature applications like welding electrodes, high-temperature furnace, etc.
- Tungsten carbide is very hard and used in metal working, mining and petroleum industry.
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
Dentistry
NA
Other Uses
Alloys, Mirror Manufacturing, Pharmaceutical Industry
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Highly Toxic
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
Yes
In Blood
0.01 Blood/mg dm-3
23
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
31
In Bone
0.45 p.p.m.
19
0.00 p.p.m.
35
Physical Properties
Melting Point
Not Available
3,410.00 °C
1
Boiling Point
356.58 °C
99+
5,660.00 °C
1
Appearance
Physical State
Liquid
Solid
Color
Silver
Grayish White
Luster
NA
Lustrous
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
Not Available
7.50
2
Brinell Hardness
Not Available
2,000.00 MPa
4
Vickers Hardness
Not Available
3,430.00 MPa
1
Speed of Sound
1,451.40 m/s
99+
4,620.00 m/s
16
Optical Properties
Refractive Index
1.00
3
Not Available
Reflectivity
73.00 %
8
62.00 %
13
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Hg
W
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
34
5
33
6
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
2.00
7
2.36
2
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.20
7
0.98
23
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.44
17
1.40
19
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.81
9
Not Available
Allen Electronegativity
1.44
30
1.47
29
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.00
99+
1.64
99+
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
1,007.10 kJ/mol
4
770.00 kJ/mol
16
2nd Energy Level
1,810.00 kJ/mol
20
1,700.00 kJ/mol
29
3rd Energy Level
3,300.00 kJ/mol
20
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.74 g/amp-hr
10
1.14 g/amp-hr
99+
Electron Work Function
4.49 eV
15
4.55 eV
13
Other Chemical Properties
Flammability, Ionization, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
80
36
74
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2
[Xe] 4f14 5d4 6s2
Crystal Structure
Rhombohedral (RHO)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Crystal Lattice
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Mercury.jpg#100
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
80
36
74
99+
Number of Neutrons
121
22
110
27
Number of Electrons
80
36
74
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
151.00 pm
32
139.00 pm
39
Covalent Radius
132.00 pm
99+
162.00 pm
29
Van der Waals Radius
155.00 pm
99+
200.00 pm
28
Atomic Weight
200.59 amu
32
183.84 amu
37
Atomic Volume
14.82 cm3/mol
35
9.53 cm3/mol
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
28.20 (-eV)
99+
140.00 (-eV)
5
Lattice Constant
300.50 pm
99+
316.52 pm
99+
Lattice Angles
NA
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
13.53 g/cm3
24
19.25 g/cm3
16
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available
17.60 g/cm3
5
Tensile Strength
Not Available
370.00 MPa
10
Viscosity
0.00
1
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available
0.00 (Pa)
32
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
Not Available
161.00 GPa
5
Bulk Modulus
Not Available
310.00 GPa
4
Young's Modulus
Not Available
411.00 GPa
4
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
0.28
17
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
Ductile, Malleable
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
13.53
16
19.22
9
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Superconductor
Resistivity
961.00 nΩ·m
1
52.80 nΩ·m
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω
99+
0.19 106/cm Ω
10
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol
40
78.60 kJ/mol
13
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.14 J/(kg K)
38
0.13 J/(kg K)
39
Molar Heat Capacity
27.98 J/mol·K
13
24.27 J/mol·K
99+
Thermal Conductivity
8.30 W/m·K
99+
173.00 W/m·K
7
Critical Temperature
1,750.00 K
6
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
60.40 µm/(m·K)
5
4.50 µm/(m·K)
99+
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
56.90 kJ/mol
99+
799.10 kJ/mol
1
Enthalpy of Fusion
2.29 kJ/mol
99+
35.23 kJ/mol
1
Enthalpy of Atomization
61.50 kJ/mol
99+
837.00 kJ/mol
1
Standard Molar Entropy
75.80 J/mol.K
6
32.60 J/mol.K
99+
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