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Osmium vs Tantalum

Osmium
Tantalum
Tantalum vs Osmium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Os  
Ta  
Group Number
8  
10
5  
13
Period Number
6  
6  
Block
d block  
d block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440042  
99+
7440257  
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc  
Im_ 3m  
Space Group Number
194.00  
7
229.00  
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Osmium metal does not oxidize in air unless it is heated.
  • But if it heated den it forms Osmium Tetroxide, which is highly toxic.
  
  • Tantalum metal is known as corrosion resistance.
  • Tantalum metal can easily fabricated and It is a good conductor of heat and electricity.
  
Sources
Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining  
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Smithson Tennant  
Anders Gustaf Ekeberg  
Discovery
In 1803  
In 1802  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
22
0.00 %  
32
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
25
0.00 %  
18
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
28
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
37
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
31
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Its has very limited uses and its alloys are very hard and are used in the manufacturing of pen tips, pivots, needles and electrical contacts.
  • It is also used as industrial catalyst to speed up the chemical reaction.
  
  • Tantalum metal is mainly used in the manufacturing of electron components. Its Oxide layer acts as an insulator.
  • Tantalum metal is also used in surgical transplant like replacement of bone, skull plates and as a woven gauze.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Highly Toxic  
Low Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.03 p.p.m.  
33
Physical
Melting Point
3,045.00 °C  
3
2,996.00 °C  
4
Boiling Point
5,027.00 °C  
6
5,425.00 °C  
4
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery Bluish-Gray  
Gray Blue  
Luster
Metallic  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
7.00  
3
6.50  
5
Brinell Hardness
3,490.00 MPa  
1
440.00 MPa  
33
Vickers Hardness
3,920.00 MPa  
1
870.00 MPa  
19
Speed of Sound
4,940.00 m/s  
15
3,400.00 m/s  
33
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
2.07  
12
2.15  
10
Reflectivity
80.00 %  
7
78.00 %  
8
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Os  
Ta  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
35  
4
31  
8
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.20  
5
1.50  
28
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.20  
8
1.50  
18
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.52  
13
1.33  
23
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.20  
6
1.50  
26
Allen Electronegativity
1.65  
22
1.34  
38
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.80  
99+
2.50  
27
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
12
761.00 kJ/mol  
18
2nd Energy Level
1,309.80 kJ/mol  
99+
1,500.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
1,600.00 kJ/mol  
99+
761.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
9
5th Energy Level
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
10
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
19
6th Energy Level
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
30
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
36
7th Energy level
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
25
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
30
8th Energy Level
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
25
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
30
9th Energy Level
5,280.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
26
10th Energy Level
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
26
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
30
11th Energy Level
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
23
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
29
12th Energy Level
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
18
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
22
14th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
19
15th Energy Level
84,000.00 kJ/mol  
12
76,100.00 kJ/mol  
19
16th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
76,100.00 kJ/mol  
14
17th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
29
761.00 kJ/mol  
35
18th Energy Level
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
18
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
25
19th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
27
761.00 kJ/mol  
32
20th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
19
761.00 kJ/mol  
26
21st Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
39
761.00 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
15
761.00 kJ/mol  
20
23rd Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
761.00 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
11
761.00 kJ/mol  
16
25th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
9
761.00 kJ/mol  
16
26th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
9
761.00 kJ/mol  
16
27th Energy Level
713.30 kJ/mol  
24
761.00 kJ/mol  
15
28th Energy Level
840.10 kJ/mol  
13
761.00 kJ/mol  
21
29th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
13
761.00 kJ/mol  
22
30th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
9
761.00 kJ/mol  
16
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.77 g/amp-hr  
99+
1.35 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.83 eV  
13
4.25 eV  
28
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility  
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
76  
40
73  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d6 6s2  
[Xe] 4f14 5d3 6s2  
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
76  
39
73  
99+
Number of Neutrons
114  
26
108  
29
Number of Electrons
76  
39
73  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
133.80 pm  
99+
146.00 pm  
37
Covalent Radius
128.00 pm  
99+
170.00 pm  
27
Van der Waals Radius
216.00 pm  
30
200.00 pm  
35
Atomic Weight
190.23 amu  
35
180.95 amu  
38
Atomic Volume
8.49 cm3/mol  
99+
10.90 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Rhenium
  
Hafnium
  
Next Element
Iridium
  
Tungsten
  
Valence Electron Potential
91.40 (-eV)  
12
110.00 (-eV)  
7
Lattice Constant
273.44 pm  
99+
330.13 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.58  
37
1.41  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
22.59 g/cm3  
9
16.69 g/cm3  
18
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
20.00 g/cm3  
11
15.00 g/cm3  
23
Tensile Strength
1,000.00 MPa  
4
180.00 MPa  
20
Viscosity
0.00  
3
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
16
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
39
0.00 (Pa)  
99+
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
222.00 GPa  
1
69.00 GPa  
13
Bulk Modulus
462.00 GPa  
1
200.00 GPa  
8
Young's Modulus
528.00 GPa  
1
186.00 GPa  
14
Poisson Ratio
0.25  
24
0.34  
10
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile  
Ductile  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
22.57  
11
16.65  
20
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
17
0.00 H/m  
17
Susceptibility
0.00  
17
0.00  
27
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
81.20 nΩ·m  
35
131.00 nΩ·m  
25
Electrical Conductivity
0.11 106/cm Ω  
21
0.08 106/cm Ω  
32
Electron Affinity
106.10 kJ/mol  
10
31.00 kJ/mol  
35
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
0.14 J/(kg K)  
38
Molar Heat Capacity
24.70 J/mol·K  
99+
25.36 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
87.60 W/m·K  
19
57.50 W/m·K  
27
Critical Temperature
3,300.00 K  
3
3,290.00 K  
4
Thermal Expansion
5.10 µm/(m·K)  
99+
6.30 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
627.60 kJ/mol  
8
753.10 kJ/mol  
2
Enthalpy of Fusion
29.30 kJ/mol  
4
31.40 kJ/mol  
3
Enthalpy of Atomization
669.00 kJ/mol  
6
782.00 kJ/mol  
3
Standard Molar Entropy
32.60 J/mol.K  
99+
41.50 J/mol.K  
99+
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