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Osmium vs Tantalum

Osmium
Tantalum
Tantalum vs Osmium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Os   
Ta   
Group Number
8   
10
5   
13
Period Number
6   
6   
Block
d block   
d block   
Element Family
Transition Metal   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7440042   
99+
7440257   
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc   
Im_ 3m   
Space Group Number
194.00   
5
229.00   
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Osmium metal does not oxidize in air unless it is heated.
  • But if it heated den it forms Osmium Tetroxide, which is highly toxic.
  
  • Tantalum metal is known as corrosion resistance.
  • Tantalum metal can easily fabricated and It is a good conductor of heat and electricity.
  
Sources
Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining   
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Smithson Tennant   
Anders Gustaf Ekeberg   
Discovery
In 1803   
In 1802   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
3 * 10-7 %   
21
8 * 10-9 %   
31
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000002 %   
25
~-9999 %   
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
28
0.00 %   
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
99+
0.00 %   
37
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
31
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Its has very limited uses and its alloys are very hard and are used in the manufacturing of pen tips, pivots, needles and electrical contacts.
  • It is also used as industrial catalyst to speed up the chemical reaction.
  
  • Tantalum metal is mainly used in the manufacturing of electron components. Its Oxide layer acts as an insulator.
  • Tantalum metal is also used in surgical transplant like replacement of bone, skull plates and as a woven gauze.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
NA   
Other Uses
Alloys   
Alloys   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Highly Toxic   
Low Toxic   
Present in Human Body
No   
Yes   
In Bone
Not Available   
0.03 p.p.m.   
28
Physical Properties
Melting Point
3,045.00 °C   
3
2,996.00 °C   
4
Boiling Point
5,027.00 °C   
6
5,425.00 °C   
4
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery Bluish-Gray   
Gray Blue   
Luster
Metallic   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
7.00   
3
6.50   
5
Brinell Hardness
3,490.00 MPa   
1
440.00 MPa   
28
Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
870.00 MPa   
12
Speed of Sound
4,940.00 m/s   
11
3,400.00 m/s   
22
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
Not Available   
78.00 %   
6
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Os   
Ta   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
35   
4
31   
8
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.20   
4
1.50   
27
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.52   
12
1.33   
22
Allen Electronegativity
1.65   
19
1.34   
33
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.80   
99+
2.50   
27
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol   
12
761.00 kJ/mol   
18
2nd Energy Level
1,309.80 kJ/mol   
99+
1,500.00 kJ/mol   
40
3rd Energy Level
1,600.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.77 g/amp-hr   
38
1.35 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
4.83 eV   
8
4.25 eV   
21
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility   
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
76   
40
73   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d6 6s2   
[Xe] 4f14 5d3 6s2   
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
76   
39
73   
99+
Number of Neutrons
114   
25
108   
28
Number of Electrons
76   
39
73   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
133.80 pm   
99+
146.00 pm   
35
Covalent Radius
Not Available   
170.00 pm   
25
Van der Waals Radius
216.00 pm   
24
200.00 pm   
28
Atomic Weight
190.23 amu   
35
180.95 amu   
38
Atomic Volume
8.49 cm3/mol   
99+
10.90 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Rhenium
  
Hafnium
  
Next Element
Iridium
  
Tungsten
  
Valence Electron Potential
91.40 (-eV)   
12
110.00 (-eV)   
7
Lattice Constant
273.44 pm   
99+
330.13 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.58   
14
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
22.59 g/cm3   
9
16.69 g/cm3   
18
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
20.00 g/cm3   
1
15.00 g/cm3   
9
Tensile Strength
1,000.00 MPa   
4
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
28
0.00 (Pa)   
31
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
222.00 GPa   
1
69.00 GPa   
13
Bulk Modulus
462.00 GPa   
1
200.00 GPa   
8
Young's Modulus
Not Available   
186.00 GPa   
13
Poisson Ratio
0.25   
24
0.34   
10
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile   
Ductile   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
22.57   
2
16.65   
11
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Paramagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Conductor   
Resistivity
81.20 nΩ·m   
35
131.00 nΩ·m   
25
Electrical Conductivity
0.11 106/cm Ω   
18
0.08 106/cm Ω   
27
Electron Affinity
106.10 kJ/mol   
9
31.00 kJ/mol   
29
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)   
39
0.14 J/(kg K)   
37
Molar Heat Capacity
24.70 J/mol·K   
99+
25.36 J/mol·K   
99+
Thermal Conductivity
87.60 W/m·K   
19
57.50 W/m·K   
27
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
5.10 µm/(m·K)   
99+
6.30 µm/(m·K)   
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
627.60 kJ/mol   
7
753.10 kJ/mol   
2
Enthalpy of Fusion
29.30 kJ/mol   
4
31.40 kJ/mol   
3
Enthalpy of Atomization
669.00 kJ/mol   
6
782.00 kJ/mol   
3
Standard Molar Entropy
32.60 J/mol.K   
99+
41.50 J/mol.K   
37
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