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Platinum Rubidium Comparison

Platinum
Rubidium
Rubidium Platinum comparison


Periodic Table
Symbol
Pt  
Rb  
Group Number
10  
8
1  
17
Period Number
6  
5  
Block
d block  
s block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Alkali  
CAS Number
7440064  
99+
7440177  
99+
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m  
Im_ 3m  
Space Group Number
225.00  
3
229.00  
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Platinum is the rarest metal from the Precious metal categories..
  • Commercially Platinum is produced as a byproduct in ores of nickel.
  
  • Rubidium metal is 16th most common element found in the earth crust.
  • Rubidium metal also found in minerals as well as seawater.
  
Sources
Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals  
Obtained from Lithium Production.  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Antonio de Ulloa  
Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff  
Discovery
In 1735  
In 1861  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
20
0.00 %  
17
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
19
0.00 %  
17
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
25
0.00 %  
19
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.01 %  
18
Abundance In Oceans
-  
0.00 %  
7
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
8
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Platinum metal is mainly used in jewellery.
  • Platinum is used as an industrial catalyst in production of nitric acid, silicone and benzene.
  
  • Rubidium's main application is in the glass manufacturing.
  • Rubidium can very easily get ionized and hence it is used for ion engines, but it is still less efficient than that of Caesium.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Chemical Industry  
-  
Medical Uses
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues  
Alloys, Research Purposes  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic  
Non Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
2.49 Blood/mg dm-3  
7
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
5.00 p.p.m.  
13
Physical
Melting Point
1,772.00 °C  
16
38.89 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
3,827.00 °C  
15
688.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery White  
Grayish White  
Luster
Metallic  
-  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
3.50  
12
0.30  
26
Brinell Hardness
300.00 MPa  
99+
0.22 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
400.00 MPa  
99+
0.22 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
2,800.00 m/s  
99+
1,300.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
2.41  
6
1.54  
35
Reflectivity
73.00 %  
10
52.00 %  
29
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Pt  
Rb  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
35  
4
29  
10
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.28  
4
0.82  
99+
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.28  
5
0.31  
99+
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.44  
18
0.89  
99+
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.20  
6
0.69  
99+
Allen Electronegativity
1.72  
19
0.71  
99+
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.72  
99+
3.18  
3
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
10
403.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,791.00 kJ/mol  
22
2,633.00 kJ/mol  
6
3rd Energy Level
2,277.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3,860.00 kJ/mol  
11
4th Energy Level
8,702.00 kJ/mol  
6
5,080.00 kJ/mol  
28
5th Energy Level
8,702.00 kJ/mol  
9
6,850.00 kJ/mol  
31
6th Energy Level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
27
8,140.00 kJ/mol  
31
7th Energy level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
23
9,570.00 kJ/mol  
20
8th Energy Level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
23
13,120.00 kJ/mol  
17
9th Energy Level
5,660.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14,500.00 kJ/mol  
18
10th Energy Level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
24
26,740.00 kJ/mol  
6
11th Energy Level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
21
4,030.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4,030.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
16
4,030.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4,030.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
87,000.00 kJ/mol  
9
40,300.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
99+
40,300.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
27
403.00 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
16
4,030.00 kJ/mol  
99+
19th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
25
403.00 kJ/mol  
99+
20th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
15
403.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21st Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
38
403.00 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
13
403.00 kJ/mol  
99+
23rd Energy Level
870.10 kJ/mol  
39
403.00 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
9
403.00 kJ/mol  
99+
25th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
7
403.00 kJ/mol  
99+
26th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
7
403.00 kJ/mol  
99+
27th Energy Level
870.10 kJ/mol  
6
403.00 kJ/mol  
99+
28th Energy Level
870.10 kJ/mol  
9
403.00 kJ/mol  
99+
29th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
10
403.00 kJ/mol  
99+
30th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
7
403.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.82 g/amp-hr  
39
3.19 g/amp-hr  
16
Electron Work Function
5.65 eV  
4
2.16 eV  
99+
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Anti Corrosion, Ionization  
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Atomic
Atomic Number
78  
38
37  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d9 6s1  
[Kr] 5s1  
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Platinum.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
78  
38
37  
99+
Number of Neutrons
117  
25
48  
99+
Number of Electrons
78  
38
37  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
139.00 pm  
99+
248.00 pm  
3
Covalent Radius
136.00 pm  
99+
220.00 pm  
4
Van der Waals Radius
175.00 pm  
99+
303.00 pm  
4
Atomic Weight
47.87 amu  
99+
85.47 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
9.09 cm3/mol  
99+
55.90 cm3/mol  
3
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Iridium
  
Gallium
  
Next Element
Gold
  
Strontium
  
Valence Electron Potential
392.42 (-eV)  
1
9.47 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
392.42 pm  
27
558.50 pm  
11
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.56  
99+
1.59  
28
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
21.45 g/cm3  
11
1.53 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
19.77 g/cm3  
12
1.46 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
125.00 MPa  
26
30.00 MPa  
99+
Viscosity
0.00  
16
0.00  
23
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
16
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.07 (Pa)  
18
0.00 (Pa)  
35
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
61.00 GPa  
14
2.50 GPa  
99+
Bulk Modulus
230.00 GPa  
6
2.50 GPa  
99+
Young's Modulus
168.00 GPa  
15
2.40 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.38  
6
0.37  
7
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
Ductile  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
21.45  
13
1.53  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
14
0.00 H/m  
11
Susceptibility
0.00  
20
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
105.00 nΩ·m  
30
128.00 nΩ·m  
26
Electrical Conductivity
0.10 106/cm Ω  
26
0.08 106/cm Ω  
29
Electron Affinity
205.30 kJ/mol  
2
46.90 kJ/mol  
29
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
0.36 J/(kg K)  
17
Molar Heat Capacity
25.86 J/mol·K  
99+
31.06 J/mol·K  
7
Thermal Conductivity
71.60 W/m·K  
24
58.20 W/m·K  
26
Critical Temperature
2,041.00 K  
19
2,093.00 K  
18
Thermal Expansion
8.80 µm/(m·K)  
99+
90.00 µm/(m·K)  
2
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
510.50 kJ/mol  
15
69.20 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
19.70 kJ/mol  
12
2.19 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
565.00 kJ/mol  
15
82.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
41.60 J/mol.K  
99+
76.80 J/mol.K  
5
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