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Platinum vs Titanium

Platinum
Titanium
Titanium vs Platinum


Periodic Table
Symbol
Pt  
Ti  
Group Number
10  
8
4  
14
Period Number
6  
4  
Block
d block  
d block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440064  
99+
7440326  
99+
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m  
P63/mmc  
Space Group Number
225.00  
3
194.00  
7
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Platinum is the rarest metal from the Precious metal categories..
  • Commercially Platinum is produced as a byproduct in ores of nickel.
  
  • The only metal which burns in Nitrogen is Titanium.
  • Titanium is also known as corrosion resistant metal.
  
Sources
Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals  
Found in Minerals, Mining  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Antonio de Ulloa  
W. Gregor & J. Berzelius  
Discovery
In 1735  
In 1791  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
20
0.00 %  
10
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
19
0.00 %  
9
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
25
0.05 %  
11
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.66 %  
7
Abundance In Oceans
-  
0.00 %  
15
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.57 %  
2
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Platinum metal is mainly used in jewellery.
  • Platinum is used as an industrial catalyst in production of nitric acid, silicone and benzene.
  
  • Its alloys are used in spacecraft, aircraft and ammunition industry.
  • Its pipes are used in distillation plants, submarines, hulls of big ships, etc.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Chemical Industry  
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing  
Dentistry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing  
Other Uses
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues  
Alloys, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic  
Non Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
0.05 Blood/mg dm-3  
16
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.60 p.p.m.  
21
Physical
Melting Point
1,772.00 °C  
16
1,660.00 °C  
18
Boiling Point
3,827.00 °C  
15
3,287.00 °C  
23
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery White  
Silvery Gray-White  
Luster
Metallic  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
3.50  
12
6.00  
6
Brinell Hardness
300.00 MPa  
99+
716.00 MPa  
16
Vickers Hardness
400.00 MPa  
99+
830.00 MPa  
21
Speed of Sound
2,800.00 m/s  
99+
5,090.00 m/s  
13
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
2.41  
6
2.40  
7
Reflectivity
73.00 %  
10
56.00 %  
26
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Pt  
Ti  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
35  
4
23  
16
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.28  
4
1.54  
27
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.28  
5
1.09  
39
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.44  
18
1.32  
24
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.20  
6
1.54  
24
Allen Electronegativity
1.72  
19
1.38  
36
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.72  
99+
2.46  
28
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
10
658.80 kJ/mol  
39
2nd Energy Level
1,791.00 kJ/mol  
22
1,309.80 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,277.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,652.50 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
8,702.00 kJ/mol  
6
4,174.60 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
8,702.00 kJ/mol  
9
9,581.00 kJ/mol  
5
6th Energy Level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
27
11,533.00 kJ/mol  
8
7th Energy level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
23
13,590.00 kJ/mol  
6
8th Energy Level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
23
16,440.00 kJ/mol  
8
9th Energy Level
5,660.00 kJ/mol  
99+
18,530.00 kJ/mol  
11
10th Energy Level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
24
20,833.00 kJ/mol  
15
11th Energy Level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
21
25,575.00 kJ/mol  
14
12th Energy Level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
28,125.00 kJ/mol  
37
13th Energy Level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
16
76,015.00 kJ/mol  
1
14th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
99+
83,280.00 kJ/mol  
2
15th Energy Level
87,000.00 kJ/mol  
9
90,880.00 kJ/mol  
4
16th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
99+
100,700.00 kJ/mol  
4
17th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
27
109,100.00 kJ/mol  
5
18th Energy Level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
16
117,800.00 kJ/mol  
6
19th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
25
129,900.00 kJ/mol  
7
20th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
15
137,530.00 kJ/mol  
9
21st Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
38
658.80 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
13
658.00 kJ/mol  
31
23rd Energy Level
870.10 kJ/mol  
39
658.80 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
9
658.80 kJ/mol  
30
25th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
7
658.80 kJ/mol  
32
26th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
7
658.80 kJ/mol  
31
27th Energy Level
870.10 kJ/mol  
6
658.80 kJ/mol  
32
28th Energy Level
870.10 kJ/mol  
9
658.80 kJ/mol  
37
29th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
10
658.80 kJ/mol  
38
30th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
7
658.80 kJ/mol  
34
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.82 g/amp-hr  
39
0.45 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
5.65 eV  
4
4.33 eV  
24
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Anti Corrosion, Ionization  
Chemical Stability, Ionization  
Atomic
Atomic Number
78  
38
22  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d9 6s1  
[Ar] 3d2 4s2  
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Platinum.jpg#100  
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Titanium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
78  
38
22  
99+
Number of Neutrons
117  
25
26  
99+
Number of Electrons
78  
38
22  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
139.00 pm  
99+
147.00 pm  
36
Covalent Radius
136.00 pm  
99+
160.00 pm  
32
Van der Waals Radius
175.00 pm  
99+
200.00 pm  
35
Atomic Weight
47.87 amu  
99+
47.87 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
9.09 cm3/mol  
99+
10.64 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Iridium
  
Scandium
  
Next Element
Gold
  
Vanadium
  
Valence Electron Potential
392.42 (-eV)  
1
95.20 (-eV)  
10
Lattice Constant
392.42 pm  
27
295.08 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.56  
99+
1.59  
30
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
21.45 g/cm3  
11
4.51 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
19.77 g/cm3  
12
4.11 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
125.00 MPa  
26
434.00 MPa  
10
Viscosity
0.00  
16
0.00  
22
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
16
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.07 (Pa)  
18
0.98 (Pa)  
14
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
61.00 GPa  
14
44.00 GPa  
17
Bulk Modulus
230.00 GPa  
6
110.00 GPa  
15
Young's Modulus
168.00 GPa  
15
116.00 GPa  
20
Poisson Ratio
0.38  
6
0.32  
12
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
Ductile  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
21.45  
13
4.51  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
14
0.00 H/m  
17
Susceptibility
0.00  
20
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Poor Conductor  
Resistivity
105.00 nΩ·m  
30
420.00 nΩ·m  
12
Electrical Conductivity
0.10 106/cm Ω  
26
0.02 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
205.30 kJ/mol  
2
7.60 kJ/mol  
99+
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
0.52 J/(kg K)  
9
Molar Heat Capacity
25.86 J/mol·K  
99+
25.06 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
71.60 W/m·K  
24
21.90 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
2,041.00 K  
19
1,941.00 K  
21
Thermal Expansion
8.80 µm/(m·K)  
99+
8.60 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
510.50 kJ/mol  
15
429.00 kJ/mol  
20
Enthalpy of Fusion
19.70 kJ/mol  
12
15.48 kJ/mol  
19
Enthalpy of Atomization
565.00 kJ/mol  
15
468.60 kJ/mol  
20
Standard Molar Entropy
41.60 J/mol.K  
99+
27.30 J/mol.K  
99+
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