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Properties of Berkelium and Protactinium

Berkelium
Protactinium
Properties of Protactinium & Berkelium


Physical Properties
Melting Point
986.00 °C   
99+
1,568.00 °C   
21
Boiling Point
2,627.00 °C   
40
4,027.00 °C   
12
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available   
Not Available   
Brinell Hardness
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
Not Available   
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
Not Available   
Not Available   
Reflectivity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Speed of Sound
Not Available   
Not Available   
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Bk   
Pa   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
14   
25
27   
12
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.30   
32
1.50   
27
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.20   
27
1.14   
28
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Allen Electronegativity
2.70   
1
Not Available   
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.70   
22
2.50   
27
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
601.00 kJ/mol   
99+
568.00 kJ/mol   
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,186.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,128.00 kJ/mol   
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,152.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,814.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.07 g/amp-hr   
16
1.72 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
Not Available   
Not Available   
Other Chemical Properties
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces. This metal also have radioactive isotopes.Radioactive Isotopes, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces.Radioactivity   
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces. This metal also have radioactive isotopes.Radioactive Isotopes, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces.Radioactivity   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
14.78 g/cm3   
22
15.37 g/cm3   
20
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
13.25 g/cm3   
11
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
Not Available   
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
Not Available   
Not Available   
Bulk Modulus
Not Available   
Not Available   
Young's Modulus
Not Available   
Not Available   
Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
Unknown   
Periodic Table
Symbol
Bk   
Pa   
Group Number
Not Available   
Not Available   
Period Number
7   
7   
Block
?
The f-block is in the center-left of a 32-column periodic table but in the footnoted appendage of 18-column tables. These elements are not generally considered as part of any group. They are often called inner transition metals.f block   
?
The f-block is in the center-left of a 32-column periodic table but in the footnoted appendage of 18-column tables. These elements are not generally considered as part of any group. They are often called inner transition metals.f block   
Element Family
?
Total 15 metals are included in actinide series, from Actinium to Lawrencium. Actinide series is located under f and d block of the periodic table.Actinide   
?
Total 15 metals are included in actinide series, from Actinium to Lawrencium. Actinide series is located under f and d block of the periodic table.Actinide   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
97   
21
91   
27
Atomic Weight
247.00 amu   
18
231.04 amu   
24
Atomic Volume
Not Available   
15.00 cm3/mol   
34
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f9 7s2   
[Rn] 5f2 6d1 7s2   
Valence Electron Potential
45.50 (-eV)   
36
92.00 (-eV)   
11
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
97   
21
91   
27
Number of Neutrons
150   
11
122   
21
Number of Electrons
97   
21
91   
27
Crystal Structure
?
In crystallography, the hexagonal crystal structure and its double hexagonal crystal structure is one of the 7 crystal structure, The hexagonal lattice system consists of just one Bravais lattice type: the hexagonal shape.Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)   
?
The tetragonal crystal structure occur as a result of stretching a cubic lattice along one of its lattice vectors due to which cube becomes a rectangular prism with a square shape at base.Tetragonal (TETR)   
Crystal Lattice
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Berkelium.jpg#100   
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Protactinium.jpg#100   
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
170.00 pm   
22
163.00 pm   
25
Covalent Radius
Not Available   
200.00 pm   
11
Van der Waals Radius
Not Available   
243.00 pm   
11
Lattice Constant
341.60 pm   
99+
392.50 pm   
23
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Next Element
Californium
  
Uranium
  
Previous Element
Curium
  
Thorium
  
Magnetic Properties
Electrical Properties
  
  
Resistivity
Not Available   
177.00 nΩ·m   
21
Electrical Conductivity
Not Available   
0.05 106/cm Ω   
34
Electron Affinity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Electrical Property
?
Conductor metals have very low resistance to electric currents. They can easily conduct electric current through them.Conductor   
?
Conductor metals have very low resistance to electric currents. They can easily conduct electric current through them.Conductor   
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
14.00   
14
15.37   
12
Magnetic Ordering
?
Paramagnetic metals are slightly attracted by magnet, but they can’t retain the magnetic effect once they are removed from the magnetic field.Paramagnetic   
?
Paramagnetic metals are slightly attracted by magnet, but they can’t retain the magnetic effect once they are removed from the magnetic field.Paramagnetic   
Permeability
Not Available   
Not Available   
Susceptibility
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
Not Available   
0.12 J/(kg K)   
40
Thermal Conductivity
10.00 W/m·K   
99+
47.00 W/m·K   
32
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
Not Available   
9.90 µm/(m·K)   
40
Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available   
198.10 J/mol.K   
1
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available   
Not Available   
Enthalpy of Fusion
Not Available   
12.34 kJ/mol   
28
Enthalpy of Atomization
Not Available   
Not Available   
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