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Properties of Californium and Holmium

Californium
Holmium
Properties of Holmium & Californium


Physical Properties
Melting Point
900.00 °C   
99+
1,461.00 °C   
30
Boiling Point
1,470.00 °C   
99+
2,600.00 °C   
99+
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
3.00   
12
Not Available   
Brinell Hardness
Not Available   
746.00 MPa   
13
Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
481.00 MPa   
23
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
Not Available   
Not Available   
Reflectivity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Speed of Sound
Not Available   
2,760.00 m/s   
30
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Cf   
Ho   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
20   
19
34   
5
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.30   
32
1.23   
37
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.20   
27
1.10   
30
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.70   
22
2.77   
17
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
608.00 kJ/mol   
99+
581.00 kJ/mol   
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,206.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,140.00 kJ/mol   
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,267.00 kJ/mol   
99+
2,204.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.12 g/amp-hr   
15
2.02 g/amp-hr   
29
Electron Work Function
Not Available   
Not Available   
Other Chemical Properties
?
Corrosion is a process which converts refined metals to their more stable forms, for example, its oxide and hydroxide. This process of metals getting corroded is a gradual destruction of metals by chemical reactions.Corrosion, 
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces. This metal also have radioactive isotopes.Radioactive Isotopes, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces.Radioactivity, 
?
Solubility is a chemical property referring to the ability for a given substance, the solute, to dissolve in a solvent.Solubility   
?
Stable metals are non radioactive metals and have zero valence electrons in the outer shell.Chemical Stability, 
?
Anti-corrosion metals have the protection on their surfaces which protect them from corroding in corrosive environments.Anti Corrosion, 
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces. This metal also have radioactive isotopes.Radioactive Isotopes, 
?
Solubility is a chemical property referring to the ability for a given substance, the solute, to dissolve in a solvent.Solubility   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
15.10 g/cm3   
21
8.79 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available   
8.34 g/cm3   
26
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available   
0.00 (Pa)   
16
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
Not Available   
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
Not Available   
26.30 GPa   
28
Bulk Modulus
Not Available   
40.20 GPa   
32
Young's Modulus
Not Available   
64.80 GPa   
31
Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
0.23   
29
Other Mechanical Properties
?
Malleability of metals defines their ability to deform under compressive stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to form a thin sheet by hammering or rolling.Malleable, 
?
Sectility is the ability to be cut into pieces. Metals and paper are sectile.Sectile   
?
Ductility of metals defines their ability to deform under tensile stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to be stretched into a wire.Ductile, 
?
Malleability of metals defines their ability to deform under compressive stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to form a thin sheet by hammering or rolling.Malleable, 
?
Sectility is the ability to be cut into pieces. Metals and paper are sectile.Sectile   
Periodic Table
Symbol
Cf   
Ho   
Group Number
Not Available   
Not Available   
Period Number
7   
6   
Block
?
The f-block is in the center-left of a 32-column periodic table but in the footnoted appendage of 18-column tables. These elements are not generally considered as part of any group. They are often called inner transition metals.f block   
?
The f-block is in the center-left of a 32-column periodic table but in the footnoted appendage of 18-column tables. These elements are not generally considered as part of any group. They are often called inner transition metals.f block   
Element Family
?
Total 15 metals are included in actinide series, from Actinium to Lawrencium. Actinide series is located under f and d block of the periodic table.Actinide   
?
Total 15 metals are included in Lanthanide series from Lanthanum to Lutetium. Lanthanide series is located under f and d block of the periodic table.Lanthanide   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
98   
20
67   
99+
Atomic Weight
251.00 amu   
17
164.93 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
Not Available   
18.70 cm3/mol   
24
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f10 7s2   
[Xe] 4f11 6s2   
Valence Electron Potential
44.50 (-eV)   
38
47.90 (-eV)   
31
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
98   
20
67   
99+
Number of Neutrons
153   
9
98   
34
Number of Electrons
98   
20
67   
99+
Crystal Structure
?
In crystallography, the hexagonal crystal structure and its double hexagonal crystal structure is one of the 7 crystal structure, The hexagonal lattice system consists of just one Bravais lattice type: the hexagonal shape.Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)   
?
The hexagonal crystal system consists of the 7 point groups such that all their space groups have the hexagonal lattice as underlying lattice. The hexagonal crystal family consists of the 12 point groups such that at least one of their space groups has theHexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Crystal Lattice
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Californium.jpg#100   
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Holmium.jpg#100   
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
186.00 pm   
9
176.00 pm   
18
Covalent Radius
Not Available   
192.00 pm   
17
Van der Waals Radius
Not Available   
216.00 pm   
24
Lattice Constant
338.00 pm   
99+
357.73 pm   
38
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
1.57   
17
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Next Element
Einsteinium
  
Erbium
  
Previous Element
Berkelium
  
Dysprosium
  
Magnetic Properties
Electrical Properties
  
  
Resistivity
Not Available   
814.00 nΩ·m   
4
Electrical Conductivity
Not Available   
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
Electron Affinity
Not Available   
50.00 kJ/mol   
21
Electrical Property
Unknown   
?
Conductor metals have very low resistance to electric currents. They can easily conduct electric current through them.Conductor   
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
15.10   
13
8.80   
35
Magnetic Ordering
?
Paramagnetic metals are slightly attracted by magnet, but they can’t retain the magnetic effect once they are removed from the magnetic field.Paramagnetic   
?
Paramagnetic metals are slightly attracted by magnet, but they can’t retain the magnetic effect once they are removed from the magnetic field.Paramagnetic   
Permeability
Not Available   
Not Available   
Susceptibility
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
Not Available   
0.16 J/(kg K)   
35
Thermal Conductivity
Not Available   
16.20 W/m·K   
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available   
27.15 J/mol·K   
19
Thermal Expansion
Not Available   
11.20 µm/(m·K)   
35
Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available   
75.30 J/mol.K   
8
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available   
241.00 kJ/mol   
38
Enthalpy of Fusion
Not Available   
11.76 kJ/mol   
29
Enthalpy of Atomization
Not Available   
301.00 kJ/mol   
36
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