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Properties of Californium and Plutonium

Californium
Plutonium
Properties of Plutonium & Californium


Physical Properties
Melting Point
900.00 °C   
99+
639.50 °C   
99+
Boiling Point
1,470.00 °C   
99+
3,235.00 °C   
24
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
3.00   
12
Not Available   
Brinell Hardness
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
Not Available   
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
Not Available   
Not Available   
Reflectivity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Speed of Sound
Not Available   
2,260.00 m/s   
99+
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Cf   
Pu   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
20   
19
20   
19
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.30   
32
1.28   
33
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.20   
27
1.22   
26
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.70   
22
2.72   
21
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
608.00 kJ/mol   
99+
584.70 kJ/mol   
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,206.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,128.00 kJ/mol   
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,267.00 kJ/mol   
99+
2,084.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.12 g/amp-hr   
15
2.28 g/amp-hr   
22
Electron Work Function
Not Available   
Not Available   
Other Chemical Properties
?
Corrosion is a process which converts refined metals to their more stable forms, for example, its oxide and hydroxide. This process of metals getting corroded is a gradual destruction of metals by chemical reactions.Corrosion, 
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces. This metal also have radioactive isotopes.Radioactive Isotopes, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces.Radioactivity, 
?
Solubility is a chemical property referring to the ability for a given substance, the solute, to dissolve in a solvent.Solubility   
?
Corrosion is a process which converts refined metals to their more stable forms, for example, its oxide and hydroxide. This process of metals getting corroded is a gradual destruction of metals by chemical reactions.Corrosion, 
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces. This metal also have radioactive isotopes.Radioactive Isotopes, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces.Radioactivity   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
15.10 g/cm3   
21
19.82 g/cm3   
13
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available   
16.63 g/cm3   
8
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available   
0.00 (Pa)   
26
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
2.20 (Pa)   
12
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
Not Available   
43.00 GPa   
18
Bulk Modulus
Not Available   
Not Available   
Young's Modulus
Not Available   
96.00 GPa   
21
Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
0.21   
32
Other Mechanical Properties
?
Malleability of metals defines their ability to deform under compressive stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to form a thin sheet by hammering or rolling.Malleable, 
?
Sectility is the ability to be cut into pieces. Metals and paper are sectile.Sectile   
?
Ductility of metals defines their ability to deform under tensile stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to be stretched into a wire.Ductile, 
?
Malleability of metals defines their ability to deform under compressive stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to form a thin sheet by hammering or rolling.Malleable   
Periodic Table
Symbol
Cf   
Pu   
Group Number
Not Available   
0   
18
Period Number
7   
7   
Block
?
The f-block is in the center-left of a 32-column periodic table but in the footnoted appendage of 18-column tables. These elements are not generally considered as part of any group. They are often called inner transition metals.f block   
?
The f-block is in the center-left of a 32-column periodic table but in the footnoted appendage of 18-column tables. These elements are not generally considered as part of any group. They are often called inner transition metals.f block   
Element Family
?
Total 15 metals are included in actinide series, from Actinium to Lawrencium. Actinide series is located under f and d block of the periodic table.Actinide   
?
Total 15 metals are included in actinide series, from Actinium to Lawrencium. Actinide series is located under f and d block of the periodic table.Actinide   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
98   
20
94   
24
Atomic Weight
251.00 amu   
17
244.00 amu   
19
Atomic Volume
Not Available   
12.32 cm3/mol   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f10 7s2   
[Rn] 5f6 7s2   
Valence Electron Potential
44.50 (-eV)   
38
64.90 (-eV)   
21
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
98   
20
94   
24
Number of Neutrons
153   
9
150   
11
Number of Electrons
98   
20
94   
24
Crystal Structure
?
In crystallography, the hexagonal crystal structure and its double hexagonal crystal structure is one of the 7 crystal structure, The hexagonal lattice system consists of just one Bravais lattice type: the hexagonal shape.Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)   
?
The mono-clinic crystal structure is one of the seven lattice point groups. Here vectors of crystal have unequal lengths. Here vectors of crystal have unequal lengths and have two vectors perpendicular to the 3rd oneMonoclinic (MON)   
Crystal Lattice
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Californium.jpg#100   
MON-Crystal-Structure-of-Plutonium.jpg#100   
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
186.00 pm   
9
159.00 pm   
28
Covalent Radius
Not Available   
187.00 pm   
20
Van der Waals Radius
Not Available   
200.00 pm   
28
Lattice Constant
338.00 pm   
99+
618.30 pm   
4
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
NA   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Next Element
Einsteinium
  
Americium
  
Previous Element
Berkelium
  
Neptunium
  
Magnetic Properties
Electrical Properties
  
  
Resistivity
Not Available   
1.46 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
Not Available   
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
Electron Affinity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Electrical Property
Unknown   
?
Poor conductor metals have moderate resistance to electric currents. They can conduct electric current through them with very low efficiency.Poor Conductor   
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
15.10   
13
19.84   
7
Magnetic Ordering
?
Paramagnetic metals are slightly attracted by magnet, but they can’t retain the magnetic effect once they are removed from the magnetic field.Paramagnetic   
?
Paramagnetic metals are slightly attracted by magnet, but they can’t retain the magnetic effect once they are removed from the magnetic field.Paramagnetic   
Permeability
Not Available   
Not Available   
Susceptibility
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
Not Available   
0.13 J/(kg K)   
39
Thermal Conductivity
Not Available   
6.74 W/m·K   
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available   
35.50 J/mol·K   
3
Thermal Expansion
Not Available   
46.70 µm/(m·K)   
6
Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available   
Not Available   
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available   
344.00 kJ/mol   
25
Enthalpy of Fusion
Not Available   
2.82 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
Not Available   
360.00 kJ/mol   
26
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