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Properties of Californium and Radium


Properties of Radium & Californium


Physical Properties

Melting Point
900.00 °C   
99+
700.00 °C   
99+

Boiling Point
1,470.00 °C   
99+
1,737.00 °C   
99+

Hardness
  
  

Mohs Hardness
3.00   
12
Not Available   

Brinell Hardness
Not Available   
Not Available   

Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
Not Available   

Optical Properties
  
  

Refractive Index
Not Available   
Not Available   

Reflectivity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Speed of Sound
Not Available   
Not Available   

Allotropes
No   
No   

α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

Chemical Properties

Chemical Formula
Cf   
Ra   

Isotopes
  
  

Known Isotopes
20   
19
33   
6

Electronegativity
  
  

Pauling Electronegativity
1.30   
32
0.90   
99+

Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.20   
27
0.97   
38

Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available   
0.92   
20

Allen Electronegativity
Not Available   
0.89   
99+

Electropositivity
  
  

Pauling Electropositivity
2.70   
22
3.10   
5

Ionization Energies
  
  

1st Energy Level
608.00 kJ/mol   
99+
509.30 kJ/mol   
99+

2nd Energy Level
1,206.00 kJ/mol   
99+
979.00 kJ/mol   
99+

3rd Energy Level
2,267.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   

Electrochemical Equivalent
3.12 g/amp-hr   
15
4.22 g/amp-hr   
6

Electron Work Function
Not Available   
Not Available   

Other Chemical Properties
?
Corrosion is a process which converts refined metals to their more stable forms, for example, its oxide and hydroxide. This process of metals getting corroded is a gradual destruction of metals by chemical reactions.Corrosion, 
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces. This metal also have radioactive isotopes.Radioactive Isotopes, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces.Radioactivity, 
?
Solubility is a chemical property referring to the ability for a given substance, the solute, to dissolve in a solvent.Solubility
  
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces. This metal also have radioactive isotopes.Radioactive Isotopes, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces.Radioactivity
  

Mechanical Properties

Density
  
  

Density At Room Temperature
15.10 g/cm3   
21
5.50 g/cm3   
99+

Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available   
Not Available   

Vapor Pressure
  
  

Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available   
Not Available   

Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
Not Available   

Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   

Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Elasticity properties
  
  

Shear Modulus
Not Available   
Not Available   

Bulk Modulus
Not Available   
Not Available   

Young's Modulus
Not Available   
Not Available   

Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   

Other Mechanical Properties
?
Malleability of metals defines their ability to deform under compressive stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to form a thin sheet by hammering or rolling.Malleable, 
?
Sectility is the ability to be cut into pieces. Metals and paper are sectile.Sectile
  
NA   

Periodic Table

Symbol
Cf   
Ra   

Group Number
Not Available   
2   
16

Period Number
7   
7   

Block
?
The f-block is in the center-left of a 32-column periodic table but in the footnoted appendage of 18-column tables. These elements are not generally considered as part of any group. They are often called inner transition metals.f block
  
?
The s-block is on the left side of the periodic table that includes elements from the first two columns, the alkali metals (group 1) and alkaline earth metals (group 2), plus helium.s block
  

Element Family
?
Total 15 metals are included in actinide series, from Actinium to Lawrencium. Actinide series is located under f and d block of the periodic table.Actinide
  
?
All alkaline earth metals are placed under group number 2 and s-block of periodic table. These metals are somewhat reactive at standard conditions. Alkaline earth metals appear shiny, silvery-white and are found in the earth’s crust.Alkaline Earth
  

Atomic Properties

Atomic Number
98   
20
88   
30

Atomic Weight
251.00 amu   
17
226.00 amu   
26

Atomic Volume
Not Available   
45.20 cm3/mol   
4

Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f10 7s2   
[Rn] 7s2   

Valence Electron Potential
44.50 (-eV)   
38
20.10 (-eV)   
99+

Atom
  
  

Number of Protons
98   
20
88   
30

Number of Neutrons
153   
9
138   
16

Number of Electrons
98   
20
88   
30

Crystal Structure
?
In crystallography, the hexagonal crystal structure and its double hexagonal crystal structure is one of the 7 crystal structure, The hexagonal lattice system consists of just one Bravais lattice type: the hexagonal shape.Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
  
?
BCC is a basis type of cubic crystal structure. In crystallography, the cubic crystals structure is a crystal system where the unit cell has a cube shaped structure. This is one of the simplest crystal structure found in crystals of metal.Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
  

Crystal Lattice
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Californium.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   

Radius of an Atom
  
  

Atomic Radius
186.00 pm   
9
Not Available   

Covalent Radius
Not Available   
221.00 pm   
3

Van der Waals Radius
Not Available   
283.00 pm   
4

Lattice Constant
338.00 pm   
99+
514.80 pm   
13

Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
π/2, π/2, π/2   

Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   

Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  

Next Element
Actinium
  

Previous Element
Berkelium
  
Francium
  

Magnetic Properties

Electrical Properties
  
  

Resistivity
Not Available   
100.00 nΩ·m   
31

Electrical Conductivity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Electron Affinity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Electrical Property
Unknown   
NA   

Magnetic Characteristics
  
  

Specific Gravity
15.10   
13
5.00   
99+

Magnetic Ordering
?
Paramagnetic metals are slightly attracted by magnet, but they can’t retain the magnetic effect once they are removed from the magnetic field.Paramagnetic
  
?
Nonmagnetic metals are non magnetic in nature and do not show or exhibit any magnetic properties.Nonmagnetic
  

Permeability
Not Available   
Not Available   

Susceptibility
Not Available   
Not Available   

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat
Not Available   
0.12 J/(kg K)   
40

Thermal Conductivity
Not Available   
18.60 W/m·K   
99+

Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   

Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Thermal Expansion
Not Available   
Not Available   

Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available   
71.00 J/mol.K   
14

Enthalpy
  
  

Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available   
Not Available   

Enthalpy of Fusion
Not Available   
Not Available   

Enthalpy of Atomization
Not Available   
163.00 kJ/mol   
99+

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