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Properties of Californium and Rutherfordium

Californium
Rutherfordium
Properties of Rutherfordium & Californium


Physical Properties
Melting Point
900.00 °C   
99+
2,100.00 °C   
11
Boiling Point
1,470.00 °C   
99+
5,500.00 °C   
3
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
3.00   
12
Not Available   
Brinell Hardness
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
Not Available   
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
Not Available   
Not Available   
Reflectivity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Speed of Sound
Not Available   
Not Available   
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Cf   
Rf   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
20   
19
13   
26
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.30   
32
Not Available   
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.20   
27
Not Available   
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.70   
22
Not Available   
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
608.00 kJ/mol   
99+
579.90 kJ/mol   
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,206.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,389.40 kJ/mol   
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,267.00 kJ/mol   
99+
2,296.40 kJ/mol   
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.12 g/amp-hr   
15
Not Available   
Electron Work Function
Not Available   
Not Available   
Other Chemical Properties
?
Corrosion is a process which converts refined metals to their more stable forms, for example, its oxide and hydroxide. This process of metals getting corroded is a gradual destruction of metals by chemical reactions.Corrosion, 
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces. This metal also have radioactive isotopes.Radioactive Isotopes, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces.Radioactivity, 
?
Solubility is a chemical property referring to the ability for a given substance, the solute, to dissolve in a solvent.Solubility   
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces. This metal also have radioactive isotopes.Radioactive Isotopes, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces.Radioactivity   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
15.10 g/cm3   
21
23.20 g/cm3   
8
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
Not Available   
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
Not Available   
Not Available   
Bulk Modulus
Not Available   
Not Available   
Young's Modulus
Not Available   
Not Available   
Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Other Mechanical Properties
?
Malleability of metals defines their ability to deform under compressive stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to form a thin sheet by hammering or rolling.Malleable, 
?
Sectility is the ability to be cut into pieces. Metals and paper are sectile.Sectile   
Unknown   
Periodic Table
Symbol
Cf   
Rf   
Group Number
Not Available   
4   
14
Period Number
7   
7   
Block
?
The f-block is in the center-left of a 32-column periodic table but in the footnoted appendage of 18-column tables. These elements are not generally considered as part of any group. They are often called inner transition metals.f block   
?
The d-block is on the middle of the periodic table and includes elements from columns 3 through 12. These elements are also known as the transition metals because they show a transitivity in their properties i.e. they show a trend in their properties.d block   
Element Family
?
Total 15 metals are included in actinide series, from Actinium to Lawrencium. Actinide series is located under f and d block of the periodic table.Actinide   
?
What is Transition Metal? All transition metals are placed under the d-block from group number 3 to 12. Transition metals show characteristics like malleability, ductility and are good conductor of electricity.Transition Metal   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
98   
20
104   
14
Atomic Weight
251.00 amu   
17
267.00 amu   
11
Atomic Volume
Not Available   
Not Available   
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f10 7s2   
[Rn] 5f14 6d2 7s2   
Valence Electron Potential
44.50 (-eV)   
38
Not Available   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
98   
20
104   
14
Number of Neutrons
153   
9
157   
7
Number of Electrons
98   
20
104   
14
Crystal Structure
?
In crystallography, the hexagonal crystal structure and its double hexagonal crystal structure is one of the 7 crystal structure, The hexagonal lattice system consists of just one Bravais lattice type: the hexagonal shape.Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)   
?
The hexagonal crystal system consists of the 7 point groups such that all their space groups have the hexagonal lattice as underlying lattice. The hexagonal crystal family consists of the 12 point groups such that at least one of their space groups has theHexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Crystal Lattice
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Californium.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
186.00 pm   
9
150.00 pm   
33
Covalent Radius
Not Available   
157.00 pm   
31
Van der Waals Radius
Not Available   
Not Available   
Lattice Constant
338.00 pm   
99+
Not Available   
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
NA   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Next Element
Einsteinium
  
Dubnium
  
Previous Element
Berkelium
  
Lawrencium
  
Magnetic Properties
Electrical Properties
  
  
Resistivity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Electrical Conductivity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Electron Affinity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Electrical Property
Unknown   
Unknown   
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
15.10   
13
Not Available   
Magnetic Ordering
?
Paramagnetic metals are slightly attracted by magnet, but they can’t retain the magnetic effect once they are removed from the magnetic field.Paramagnetic   
Unknown   
Permeability
Not Available   
Not Available   
Susceptibility
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Conductivity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
Not Available   
Not Available   
Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available   
Not Available   
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available   
Not Available   
Enthalpy of Fusion
Not Available   
Not Available   
Enthalpy of Atomization
Not Available   
Not Available   
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