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Properties of Protactinium and Thulium

Protactinium
Thulium
Properties of Thulium & Protactinium


Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,568.00 °C   
21
1,545.00 °C   
23
Boiling Point
4,027.00 °C   
12
1,730.00 °C   
99+
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available   
Not Available   
Brinell Hardness
Not Available   
471.00 MPa   
25
Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
520.00 MPa   
21
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
Not Available   
Not Available   
Reflectivity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Speed of Sound
Not Available   
Not Available   
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Pa   
Tm   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
27   
12
32   
7
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.50   
27
1.25   
35
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.14   
28
1.11   
29
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.50   
27
2.75   
19
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
568.00 kJ/mol   
99+
596.70 kJ/mol   
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,128.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,160.00 kJ/mol   
99+
3rd Energy Level
1,814.00 kJ/mol   
99+
2,285.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.72 g/amp-hr   
99+
2.10 g/amp-hr   
26
Electron Work Function
Not Available   
Not Available   
Other Chemical Properties
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces. This metal also have radioactive isotopes.Radioactive Isotopes, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces.Radioactivity   
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces. This metal also have radioactive isotopes.Radioactive Isotopes, 
?
Solubility is a chemical property referring to the ability for a given substance, the solute, to dissolve in a solvent.Solubility   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
15.37 g/cm3   
20
9.32 g/cm3   
40
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available   
8.56 g/cm3   
24
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available   
0.06 (Pa)   
10
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
Not Available   
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
Not Available   
30.50 GPa   
22
Bulk Modulus
Not Available   
44.50 GPa   
26
Young's Modulus
Not Available   
74.00 GPa   
27
Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
0.21   
31
Other Mechanical Properties
Unknown   
?
Ductility of metals defines their ability to deform under tensile stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to be stretched into a wire.Ductile, 
?
Malleability of metals defines their ability to deform under compressive stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to form a thin sheet by hammering or rolling.Malleable   
Periodic Table
Symbol
Pa   
Tm   
Group Number
Not Available   
Not Available   
Period Number
7   
6   
Block
?
The f-block is in the center-left of a 32-column periodic table but in the footnoted appendage of 18-column tables. These elements are not generally considered as part of any group. They are often called inner transition metals.f block   
?
The f-block is in the center-left of a 32-column periodic table but in the footnoted appendage of 18-column tables. These elements are not generally considered as part of any group. They are often called inner transition metals.f block   
Element Family
?
Total 15 metals are included in actinide series, from Actinium to Lawrencium. Actinide series is located under f and d block of the periodic table.Actinide   
?
Total 15 metals are included in Lanthanide series from Lanthanum to Lutetium. Lanthanide series is located under f and d block of the periodic table.Lanthanide   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
91   
27
69   
99+
Atomic Weight
231.04 amu   
24
168.93 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
15.00 cm3/mol   
34
18.10 cm3/mol   
28
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f2 6d1 7s2   
[Xe] 4f13 6s2   
Valence Electron Potential
92.00 (-eV)   
11
49.70 (-eV)   
28
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
91   
27
69   
99+
Number of Neutrons
122   
21
100   
32
Number of Electrons
91   
27
69   
99+
Crystal Structure
?
The tetragonal crystal structure occur as a result of stretching a cubic lattice along one of its lattice vectors due to which cube becomes a rectangular prism with a square shape at base.Tetragonal (TETR)   
?
The hexagonal crystal system consists of the 7 point groups such that all their space groups have the hexagonal lattice as underlying lattice. The hexagonal crystal family consists of the 12 point groups such that at least one of their space groups has theHexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Crystal Lattice
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Protactinium.jpg#100   
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Thulium.jpg#100   
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
163.00 pm   
25
176.00 pm   
18
Covalent Radius
200.00 pm   
11
160.00 pm   
30
Van der Waals Radius
243.00 pm   
11
Not Available   
Lattice Constant
392.50 pm   
23
353.75 pm   
40
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
1.57   
17
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Next Element
Uranium
  
Ytterbium
  
Previous Element
Thorium
  
Erbium
  
Magnetic Properties
Electrical Properties
  
  
Resistivity
177.00 nΩ·m   
21
676.00 nΩ·m   
5
Electrical Conductivity
0.05 106/cm Ω   
34
0.02 106/cm Ω   
99+
Electron Affinity
Not Available   
50.00 kJ/mol   
21
Electrical Property
?
Conductor metals have very low resistance to electric currents. They can easily conduct electric current through them.Conductor   
?
Conductor metals have very low resistance to electric currents. They can easily conduct electric current through them.Conductor   
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
15.37   
12
9.32   
31
Magnetic Ordering
?
Paramagnetic metals are slightly attracted by magnet, but they can’t retain the magnetic effect once they are removed from the magnetic field.Paramagnetic   
?
Paramagnetic metals are slightly attracted by magnet, but they can’t retain the magnetic effect once they are removed from the magnetic field.Paramagnetic   
Permeability
Not Available   
Not Available   
Susceptibility
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)   
40
0.16 J/(kg K)   
35
Thermal Conductivity
47.00 W/m·K   
32
16.90 W/m·K   
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available   
27.03 J/mol·K   
22
Thermal Expansion
9.90 µm/(m·K)   
40
13.30 µm/(m·K)   
29
Standard Molar Entropy
198.10 J/mol.K   
1
74.00 J/mol.K   
9
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available   
191.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
12.34 kJ/mol   
28
16.80 kJ/mol   
17
Enthalpy of Atomization
Not Available   
247.00 kJ/mol   
99+
All >>
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