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Radium vs Mercury

Radium
Mercury
Mercury vs Radium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Ra   
Hg   
Group Number
2   
16
12   
6
Period Number
7   
6   
Block
s block   
d block   
Element Family
Alkaline Earth   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7440144   
99+
7439976   
99+
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m   
R_ 3m   
Space Group Number
229.00   
1
166.00   
6
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Radium metal is the heaviest metal of Alkaline earth metals column.
  • Radium metal is highly radioactive and does not have any stable isotopes.
  
  • At room temperature mercury is found in a liquid state.
  • A coin of pound or rupees floats in mercury.
  • Because of its low melting point and boiling point it is used in thermometers.
  
Sources
Mining, Ores of metals   
Mining, Ores of Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Not Available   
Ancient Chinese and Indians   
Discovery
In 1898   
Before 2000 BCE   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
99+
0.05 %   
9
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
99+
Not Available   
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %   
20
Not Available   
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • It is a highly radioactive metal; and sometime Radium-223 is used to treat prostate cancer.
  • It is used in luminous paints.
  
  • It is a liquid metal at room temperature, but it is a toxic heavy metal and hence many uses of mercury are under review or phased out.
  • It is manly used as a catalysts in chemical industry.
  
Industrial Uses
NA   
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry   
Dentistry   
Other Uses
NA   
Alloys, Mirror Manufacturing, Pharmaceutical Industry   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Highly Toxic   
Highly Toxic   
Present in Human Body
No   
Yes   
In Blood
Not Available   
0.01 Blood/mg dm-3   
23
In Bone
Not Available   
0.45 p.p.m.   
19
Physical Properties
Melting Point
700.00 °C   
99+
Not Available   
Boiling Point
1,737.00 °C   
99+
356.58 °C   
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Liquid   
Color
Silvery White   
Silver   
Luster
Metallic   
NA   
Hardness
  
  
Speed of Sound
Not Available   
1,451.40 m/s   
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
Not Available   
1.00   
3
Reflectivity
Not Available   
73.00 %   
8
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Ra   
Hg   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
33   
6
34   
5
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
0.90   
99+
2.00   
7
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
2.20   
7
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.97   
38
1.44   
17
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.92   
20
1.81   
9
Allen Electronegativity
0.89   
99+
1.44   
30
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
3.10   
5
2.00   
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
509.30 kJ/mol   
99+
1,007.10 kJ/mol   
4
2nd Energy Level
979.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,810.00 kJ/mol   
20
3rd Energy Level
Not Available   
3,300.00 kJ/mol   
20
Electrochemical Equivalent
4.22 g/amp-hr   
6
3.74 g/amp-hr   
10
Electron Work Function
Not Available   
4.49 eV   
15
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity   
Flammability, Ionization, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
88   
30
80   
36
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 7s2   
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2   
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Rhombohedral (RHO)   
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Mercury.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
88   
30
80   
36
Number of Neutrons
138   
16
121   
22
Number of Electrons
88   
30
80   
36
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
Not Available   
151.00 pm   
32
Covalent Radius
221.00 pm   
3
132.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
283.00 pm   
4
155.00 pm   
99+
Atomic Weight
226.00 amu   
26
200.59 amu   
32
Atomic Volume
45.20 cm3/mol   
4
14.82 cm3/mol   
35
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Francium
  
Gold
  
Next Element
Actinium
  
Thallium
  
Valence Electron Potential
20.10 (-eV)   
99+
28.20 (-eV)   
99+
Lattice Constant
514.80 pm   
13
300.50 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
NA   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
5.50 g/cm3   
99+
13.53 g/cm3   
24
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
0.00   
1
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Elasticity properties
  
  
Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
NA   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
5.00   
99+
13.53   
16
Magnetic Ordering
Nonmagnetic   
Diamagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
NA   
Conductor   
Resistivity
100.00 nΩ·m   
31
961.00 nΩ·m   
1
Electrical Conductivity
Not Available   
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
Electron Affinity
Not Available   
0.00 kJ/mol   
40
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)   
40
0.14 J/(kg K)   
38
Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available   
27.98 J/mol·K   
13
Thermal Conductivity
18.60 W/m·K   
99+
8.30 W/m·K   
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
1,750.00 K   
6
Thermal Expansion
Not Available   
60.40 µm/(m·K)   
5
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available   
56.90 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
Not Available   
2.29 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
163.00 kJ/mol   
99+
61.50 kJ/mol   
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
71.00 J/mol.K   
14
75.80 J/mol.K   
6
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